Open Access

Eating behavior is shaped by individual, societal, and cultural factors. Gender stereotypes (GS) influence the symbolic meaning of food and may play a role in dietary choices. While international research has explored these associations, empirical data from German-speaking countries is scarce. The GenderDish I study aimed to examine existing GS related to food and eating behavior through a nationwide anonymous online survey conducted in Germany in August and September 2024. A total of 1,430 individuals participated (67% female, 33% male). The 73-item questionnaire addressed taste preferences, cooking skills, dietary patterns, and gender-related food perceptions, using established instruments to assess femininity, masculinity, and social desirability. In this sample, meat, beer, and hearty meals were more commonly associated with men, while plant-based, sweet, and light foods were linked to women. Women more frequently reported vegetarian or vegan diets, greater dietary experience, and higher health awareness. In contrast, men tended to prefer spicy, fatty foods and expressed a stronger desire for muscle gain. Regarding domestic responsibilities, women more often saw themselves as primarily responsible, while men more frequently supported equal division. The sample was not representative, as most participants were female, from western Germany (>77%), childless (83%) and highly educated (44%). Additionally, as with any voluntary online survey without direct invitation to participate, self-selection bias cannot be excluded. Nevertheless, this is the first survey of its size and scope in Germany, and within this specific group, the results suggest that food-related behaviors and perceptions may still be influenced by GS in Germany, with male-associated stereotypes appearing particularly persistent. Gender-sensitive nutrition education could be a valuable approach to addressing such stereotypes and encouraging more inclusive and health-promoting eating behaviors.