Gesundheit (MDH)
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Papier ade? – Aktuelle Ergebnisse des IT-Reports Gesundheitswesen der Fachhochschule Osnabrück
(2006)
Warum soll ich das Lernen? Lerngründe und Lernwiderstände in der theoretischen Pflegeausbildung
(2022)
Lernwiderstände sind Folge von unangemessener Lernanforderungen, die Lehrende an Schüler_innen richten. Vor allem Leistungsüberprüfungen und Leistungsdruck können Widerstände beim Lernen hervorrufen. Das kann zu negativen Emotionen wie Frustration und Hilflosigkeit beim Lernen führen. Außerdem erleben die Auszubildenden das Lernen als Zwang. Um diesen Problemen beizukommen ist es wichtig, sich die Relevanz von Lernbegründungen bewusst zu machen, damit Lernen als etwas positives wahrgenommen wird.
Das Streben nach Gleichberechtigung und Chancengleichheit zeigt sich in unserer Gesellschaft besonders durch die kognitiv unterschiedliche Entwicklung der Menschen (Schönenberg, 2020). Diese Unterschiedlichkeit führt allerdings häufig zu einer Ausgrenzung und erschwert Betroffenen den Zugang zu Hilfsangeboten (Schönenberg, 2020). Aber menschliche Ausgrenzung erfolgt nicht nur ausschließlich aufgrund von körperlichen Einschränkungen, sondern auch durch sprachliche Probleme (Romanowski, 2015). Insbesondere sprachliche Barrieren gilt es in Deutschland, einem der best alphabetisierten Länder der Welt, zu durchbrechen (Buddeberg, Dutz, Grotlüschen, Heilmann und Stammer, 2019). Sowohl Leichte-, als auch Einfache Sprache kann hier helfen.
Lernen im geschützten Raum
(2015)
Lernen im geschützten Raum
(2015)
Zum Nutzen einer EDV-Dokumentation für die Bereiche Schmerz und Demenz in der stationären Altenhilfe
(2013)
Betreuung schwerstkranker und sterbender Menschen im hohen Lebensalter in Pflegeeinrichtungen.
(2012)
Anzeichen erkennen.
(2008)
Fallbesprechung auf der Grundlage des Total-Pain-Konzeptes in palliativen Versorgungsstrukturen
(2017)
Mundtrockenheit lindern
(2023)
Lernen im geschützen Raum
(2015)
Pathological Skin Picking (PSP) is an excessive behavior which characterizes Skin Picking Disorder. Individuals repeatedly pick their skin and cause skin lesions, but are unable to control the behavior, which can cause severe distress. Visible self-inflicted skin lesions can additionally affect individuals with PSP due to emerging appearance-related concerns. However, these concerns and their role in PSP have hardly been studied, especially not in comparison with individuals with dermatological conditions and skin-healthy controls.
The present cross-sectional study (n=453, 83.9% female, 15.9% male, 0.2% diverse) aimed at analyzing appearance-related concerns and mental health outcomes between four groups: Individuals with PSP and dermatological conditions (SP/DC; n=83), PSP without dermatological conditions (SP; n=56), dermatological conditions without PSP (DC; n=176) and skin-healthy controls (SH, n=138). We compared questionnaire data on dysmorphic concerns, appearance-based rejection sensitivity, and body dysmorphic symptoms, as well as PSP-symptoms and mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety, and self-esteem) between groups.
The analyses showed a significant multivariate group effect in the appearance-related variables, F(6, 896)=19.92, Wilks’ Λ=0.78, p<.001, and mental health outcomes, F(6, 896)=16.24, Wilks’ Λ=0.81, p<.001. The SP/DC group had the strongest appearance-related concerns and mental health impairments, followed by the SP group, the DC group and the SH group. The SP/DC group and SP group only differed significantly with regard to dysmorphic concerns, but not in other variables. The DC group was less affected but still showed higher dysmorphic concerns and mental health impairments than skin-healthy controls. In contrast to the PSP groups, the other two groups did not exceed clinically relevant cut-off scores.
The present study shows that individuals with PSP exhibit strong appearance-related concerns, regardless of the presence or absence of underlying or comorbid dermatological conditions. These findings shed new light on the importance of appearance-related concerns in skin picking disorder and the role of PSP as a potentially overlooked risk factor in dermatological patients. Therefore, appearance-related concerns should be explicitly addressed in dermatological and psychotherapeutic settings. Future studies should also include longitudinal and experimental analyses to more clearly classify the role of appearance-related concerns in the etiology of PSP and skin picking disorder.
Body shaming (BS) is a popular term for a type of negative social interaction, which frequently occurs in social media. However, there is a lack of a clear scientific definition of BS and data on its relation to other concepts in social aggression research. The present study therefore aimed at providing a definition and classification of BS. In an exploratory online-study, 25 participants (60%) provided personal definitions of BS and rated the fit of a suggested definition. In addition, they reported similarities with and differences to related concepts (appearance teasing, cyberbullying, trolling). We conducted qualitative analyses of the verbal definitions guided by the Grounded Theory approach and quantified the fit to existing concepts in the field of social aggression. The results show that BS is perceived as an unrepeated act in which a person expresses unsolicited, mostly negative opinions/comments about a target’s body, without necessarily intending to harm him/her. Still, the target perceives the comments as negative. BS can range from well-meant advice to malevolent insults and it can occur online and offline. Participants saw similarities between BS and appearance teasing. BS can be a tool for trolling and can evolve to cyberbullying with repetition over time. Altogether, BS is a form of social aggression that has a negative impact on individuals. The definition and classification help to investigate BS and its effects on body image and mental health in future research.