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Die Förderung von Teilhabe ist als zentrales Ziel der medizinischen Rehabilitation im Sozialgesetzbuch IX verankert. Im Modell der Funktionsfähigkeit und Behinderung der Internationalen Klassifikation der Funktionsfähigkeit, Behinderung und Gesundheit (ICF) wird eine Wechselwirkung der Teilhabe einer Person mit verschiedenen Faktoren – darunter auch den Umweltfaktoren – beschrieben. Diese Wechselwirkung legt nahe, die Förderung von Teilhabe einer Person auch über die Beeinflussung von Umweltfaktoren im Umfeld der betroffenen Person zu erreichen. Das Projekt UfaR (Die Bedeutung von Umweltfaktoren in der medizinischen Rehabilitation zur Förderung von Teilhabe) hat sich daher unter anderem mit den Fragen befasst, welche Umweltfaktoren bislang in der medizinischen Rehabilitation berücksichtigt werden sowie welche weiteren Umweltfaktoren für das Ziel der Teilhabeförderung in der medizinischen Rehabilitation von Bedeutung sein können und welche Implikationen sich aus den Ergebnissen für die medizinische Rehabilitation ableiten lassen.
Die Ergebnisse liefern einen Überblick sowohl über die bisherige Berücksichtigung als auch über bisher ungenutztes Potenzial von umweltfaktorbezogenen Ansätzen in der medizinischen Rehabilitation. Aus den Handlungsempfehlungen lässt sich eine Vielzahl von Ansatzpunkten für interventionsbezogene Aktivitäten ableiten.
Die visuelle Bilanz 2018
(2018)
The objective of this paper is to compare food consumption by Cambodian garment workers with and without access to a free model lunch provision through a factory-based canteen. Data from an exploratory randomised controlled trial were analysed. In total, 223 female Cambodian garment workers were allocated to an intervention arm (six-month lunch provision) or a control arm. Dietary intake on workdays was assessed by qualitative 24-h recalls at baseline and twice at follow-ups during the period of lunch provision using the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) guideline on assessing women's dietary diversity. In total, 158 participants provided complete data on the dietary intake over workdays at all interviews. Lunch provision resulted in a more frequent consumption of dark green leafy vegetables (DGLV), vitamin A-rich fruits, other fruits, and oils and fats during lunch breaks. In contrast, flesh meats, legumes, nuts and seeds, as well as sweets, were eaten at a lower frequency. Except for a higher consumption rate of vitamin A-rich fruits and a lower intake frequency of sweets, lunch provision had a less clear impact on total 24-h intake from different food groups and was not associated with a higher women's dietary diversity score (WDDS). A more gap-oriented design of the lunch sets taking into account underutilised foods and the nutritional status of the workers is recommended.
Methoden zur Überwachung und Steuerung von Materialflüssen in einem Produktions- oder Logistiksystem sollen Ziele wie niedrige Kosten und kurze Durchlaufzeiten unterstützen. Die Steuerungsprinzipien der Lean Production zielen auf dezentrale, bedarfsorientierte Selbstorganisation der Prozesse, zum Beispiel in einem Kanban-Regelkreis. Die Ansätze der Industrie 4.0 setzen auf digitale Vernetzung von Maschinen, Produkten und Mitarbeitern sowie den Einsatz von Sensorik. Welcher Steuerungsansatz passt zu welchem Produktportfolio? Lassen sich die Ansätze kombinieren – schlank durch Digitalisierung? Das Crossroads-Modell erklärt anschaulich die Unterschiede der Steuerungsansätze und leitet konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen für die Unternehmenspraxis ab.
Stormwater quality models are usually calibrated using observed pollutographs. As current models still rely on simplified model concepts for pollutant accumulation and wash-off, calibration results for continuous pollutant concentrations are highly uncertain. In this paper, we introduce an innovative calibration approach based on total suspended solids (TSS) event load distribution. The approach is applied on stormwater quality models for a flat roof and a parking lot for which reliable distributions are available. Exponential functions are employed for both TSS buildup and wash-off. Model parameters are calibrated by means of an evolutionary algorithm to minimize the distance between a parameterized lognormal distribution function and the cumulated distribution of simulated TSS event loads. Since TSS event load characteristics are probabilistically considered, the approach especially respects the stochasticity of TSS buildup and wash-off and, therefore, improves conventional stormwater quality calibration concepts. The results show that both experimental models were calibrated with high goodness-of-fit (Kolmogorov–Smirnov test statistic: 0.05). However, it is shown that events with high TSS event loads (>0.8 percentile) are generally underestimated. While this leads to a relative deviation of −28% of total TSS loads for the parking lot, the error is compensated for the flat roof (+5%). Calibrated model parameters generally tend to generate wash-off proportional to runoff, which is indicated by mass-volume curves. The approach itself is, in general, applicable and creates a new opportunity to calibrate stormwater quality models especially when calibration data is limited.
Early Intervention in Gaming Disorder: What Can We Learn from Findings in the Substance Abuse Field?
(2018)
Editorial
(2018)
Improving residential energy efficiency is widely recognized as one of the best strategies for reducing energy demand, combating climate change and increasing security of energy supply. However, progress has been slow to date due to a number of market and behavioural barriers that have not been adequately addressed by energy efficiency policies and programmes.
This study is based on updated findings of the European Futures for Energy Efficiency Project that responds to the EU Horizon 2020 Work Programme 2014-15 theme 'Secure, clean and efficient energy'. This article draws on five case studies from selected European countries - Finland, Italy, Hungary, Spain, and the UK - and evaluates recent energy efficiency developments in terms of indicators, private initiatives, and policy measures in the residential sector. Our analysis shows that the UK government has implemented a better range of policies, coupled with initiatives from the private sector, aimed at improving energy efficiency. However, its existing conditions appear to be more problematic than the other countries. On the other hand, the lack of effective and targeted policies in Finland resulted in increased energy consumption, while in Hungary, Spain and Italy some interesting initiatives, especially in terms of financial and fiscal incentives, have been found.
Evaluation competencies in the context of diversity training: The practitioners’ point of view
(2018)
With a view to the next generation of large space telescopes, we investigate guide-star-free, image-based aberration correction using a unimorph deformable mirror in a plane conjugate to the primary mirror. We designed and built a high-resolution imaging testbed to evaluate control algorithms. In this paper we use an algorithm based on the heuristic hill climbing technique and compare the correction in three different domains, namely the voltage domain, the domain of the Zernike modes, and the domain of the singular modes of the deformable mirror. Through our systematic experimental study, we found that successive control in two domains effectively counteracts uncompensated hysteresis of the deformable mirror.