Energie · Gebäude · Umwelt (EGU)
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Durch ihre multifunktionale Wirkung leisten Baumrigolen einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Klimafolgenanpassung. Baumrigolen kombinieren die Bewässerung von Stadtgrün mit dem Rückhalt und der Versickerung von Oberflächenabflüssen. Vor allem die Sys-teme mit Speicherelementen können zur Reduktion des Überflutungsrisikos beitragen. Den Baum selbst zeichnet bereits seine gestalterische Wirkung im urbanen Raum aus. Zusätzlich beeinflussen Bäume durch Beschattung und Verdunstung das Stadtklima positiv. Ergebnisse der Untersuchungen von Rigolensystemen im Nottul-ner Gemeindebereich belegen den positiven Effekt im wasserwirtschaftlichen Kontext. Durch Simulationsrechnungen und Messdaten wurden die versickerten und verduns-teten mit den abgeleiteten Abflussanteilen verglichen. Bislang zählen allerdings die Bedürfnisse von Bäumen nicht zu Fragestellungen, die bei der Bemessung wasser-wirtschaftlicher Systeme im Fokus stehen. Hier besteht noch erheblicher Klärungsbedarf.
The Spreadsheet Energy System Model Generator (SESMG) is a tool for modeling and optimizing energy systems with a focus on urban systems. The SESMG is easily accessible as it comes with a browser-based graphical user interface, spreadsheets to provide data entry, and detailed documentation on how to use it. Programming skills are not required for the installation or application of the tool. The SESMG includes advanced modeling features such as the application of the multi-energy system (MES) approach, multi-objective optimization, model-based methods for reducing computational requirements, and automated conceptualization and result processing of urban energy systems with high spatial resolution. Due to its accessibility and the applied modeling methods, urban energy systems can be modeled and optimized with comparatively low effort.
Stormwater tree pits with storage elements enable the irrigation of urban trees and can potentially act as decentralized rainwater retention basins. This paper mainly focuses on analyzing this potential. Field tests were conducted to investigate the irrigation behavior and the storage effect of a storm water tree pit system using Perl hoses as irrigation elements over a period of two years.
The rainfall, storage volumes, and soil moisture within the employed planting pit were measured.
With the help of system modeling, the retention ability of the storm water tree pit system was analyzed. The available storage volume was sufficient to irrigate trees for several days. During the measurement period, about 15% of the inflowing rainwater was fed to the root zone of the tree. With practical storage volumes of 200 to 300 m3/ha, a remarkable amount of water from heavy rainfall could be completely stored, thus significantly reducing the risk of flooding. The retention effect and irrigation behavior largely depend on the soil conditions and the technical possibilities of the equipment supplying the root area (in this case, Perl hoses). Further investigations are required to determine the influence on the growth conditions of trees and optimize of the system for discharge into the root zone.