Kompetenzzentrum Humanitäre Hilfe
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Background. Ketone bodies are a highly relevant topic in nutrition and medicine. -e influence of medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) on ketogenesis is well known and has been successfully used in ketogenic diets for many years. Nevertheless, the effects of MCTs and coconut oil on the production of ketone bodies have only partially been investigated. Furthermore, the increased mobilisation of free fatty acids and release of catabolic hormones by caffeine suggest an influence of caffeine on ketogenesis.
Methods. In a controlled, double-blind intervention study, seven young healthy subjects received 10mL of tricaprylin (C8), tricaprin (C10), C8/C10 (50% C8, 50% C10), or coconut oil with or without 150 mg of caffeine, in 250mL of decaffeinated coffee, over ten interventions. At baseline and after every 40 minutes, for 4 h, ßHB and glucose in capillary blood as well as caffeine in saliva were measured. Furthermore, questionnaires were used to survey sensory properties, side effects, and awareness of hunger and satiety. Results. -e interventions with caffeine caused an increase in ßHB levels—in particular, the interventions with C8 highly impacted ketogenesis. -e effect decreased with increased chain lengths. All interventions showed a continuous increase in hunger and diminishing satiety. Mild side effects (total � 12) occurred during the interventions. Conclusions. -e present study demonstrated an influence of caffeine and MCTon ketogenesis. -eaddition of caffeine showed an additive effect on the ketogenic potential of MCT and coconut oil. C8 showed the highest ketogenicity.
Mars-"Kanäle"
(2020)
Gesundheit in ihrer zeitgemäßen Definition beinhaltet den Begriff der Autonomie und muss damit auch ein abweichendes Gesundheitserleben zulassen. Die Fachleute in unserem Gesundheitssystem haben zwar die Verpflichtung, die Bevölkerung über ihre wissenschaftlich fundierten Erkenntnisse zur Gesundheitsförderung und Krankheitsprävention zu informieren, dem Individuum ist andererseits aber keine Verpflichtung zur Befolgung dieser Gesundheitsratschläge abzuverlangen. Eine explizite Pflicht, gesund zu sein, findet sich historisch überwiegend nur in diktatorischen Systemen. Eine Gesundheitspflicht als gesellschaftlich mehrheitsfähiges Konstrukt mit implizitem Zwangscharakter im Sinne des Healthismus ist allerdings schon seit längerer Zeit weit verbreitet.
it is possible to identify fields of action for the prevention of vaccination gaps among refugees as well as for their systematic integration into the regular outpatient care system. The sphere standards as international standards should be incorporated more consciously
Das Refeeding-Syndrom als Komplikation einer Realimentation mit Kohlenhydraten ist aus der internationalen Nothilfe bestens bekannt und gefürchtet. Auch für den hiesigen Rettungsdienst stellt das Refeeding-Syndrom bei der Erstversorgung extrem mangelernährter Patienten eine Herausforderung dar, die jedoch als drohende Komplikation leicht erkannt und dann gefahrlos vermieden werden kann.
Background Lunch provision is expected to improve the nutritional status of Cambodian garment workers. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of a model lunch provision through a canteen on anthropometry, hemoglobin, and micronutrient status in female garment workers in Cambodia. Methods This exploratory randomized controlled trial was implemented at a garment factory in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Female workers (nulliparous, non-pregnant) were recruited and randomly allocated into an intervention arm (workday's lunch provision) and a control arm. Served lunch sets (̃ 700 kcal on average) included diverse local dishes. Anthropometry (body mass index, weight, triceps skinfold thickness, and mid-upper arm muscle circumference), as well as hemoglobin, serum ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor, serum retinol binding protein, and serum folate concentrations were assessed at baseline and after 5 months of lunch provision. A general linear model with adjustments for baseline values was used to estimate intervention effects for each outcome variable. Results Two hundred twenty-three women were recruited (n = 112 control and n = 111 intervention). 172 (n = 86 in each arm) completed the study. Baseline prevalence of underweight, anemia, depleted iron stores, and marginal iron stores, were 31, 24, 21, and 50%, respectively. Subjects were not affected by frank vitamin A or folate deficiency, whereas 30% showed a marginal folate status. Overall, mean changes in anthropometric variables, hemoglobin, and retinol binding protein were marginal and not significant among intervention subjects. Mean folate concentration increased insignificantly by + 1.1 ng/mL (- 0.02, 2.2) (p = 0.054). On the other hand, mean ferritin decreased by - 6.6 μg/L (- 11.9, - 1.3) (p = 0.015). Subgroup analysis prompts that effects are differently pronounced according to the baseline status of workers. Conclusions Findings indicate that model lunch sets provided a beneficial amount of dietary folate, but need to be revisited for iron content and/or iron bioavailability. It is believed that distinct positive effects on anthropometry, hemoglobin, and micronutrient status can solely be expected in malnourished individuals. The authors suggest that similar larger trials, which include sets adapted to the concrete needs of workers affected by underweight, anemia and/or definite micronutrient deficiencies, should be performed. Trial registration The trial was registered at the German Clinical Trials Register (9 January 2015, Identifier: DRKS00007666).