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Prokrastination - Was tun?
(2019)
Nach einer Einleitung in das Thema Behavioral Business Ethics folgen Erläuterungen zu ausgewählten Theorien, Effekten und Einflussfaktoren. Anschließend wird detailliert auf diese Einflussfaktoren ein-gegangen, die den sozialen Kontext prägen, in dem moralische Entscheidungen gefällt werden. Hier unterscheidet man grob zwischen personellen und organisationalen Einflussfaktoren, auf die in Kapitel 2 bzw. Kapitel 3 näher eingegangen wird. Das letzte Kapitel beinhaltet ausgewählte Cases. Durch diese aktuellen Fallbeispiele werden die zuvor behandelten Einflussfaktoren und Theorien praktisch veran-schaulicht und geben dem Leser einen greifbaren Einblick in das komplexe, interdisziplinäre Thema der Behavioral Business Ethics.
Der vorliegende Arbeitsbericht setzt sich mit der Wirksamkeit von Compliance Management Systemen im Kontext wirtschaftsethischer und verhaltensökonomischer Grundlagen auseinander. Die Basis der Wirksamkeitsprüfung stellen die sieben Grundelemente des Prüfungsstan-dards des Instituts der Wirtschaftsprüfer in Deutschland e. V. (IDW PS 980).Die drei Ebenen der Wirtschaftsethik sowie ausgewählte Konzepte der Verhaltensökonomie werden zur Untersuchung aufgegriffen. So begünstigen etwa Leistungs- und Gruppendruck sowie variable Vergütungssysteme opportunistische Verhaltensweisen. Es wird dargelegt, dass unternehmerische Compliance signifikant vom Verhalten einzelner Individuen und ihrem Umfeld abhängt. Insbesondere im Kontext wirtschaftlichen Handelns und Wettbewerb kann Compliance nicht mit Moral und Ethik gleichgesetzt oder als Selbstverständlichkeit erwartet werden. Insgesamt bescheinigt die interdisziplinäre Betrachtung der unternehmerischen Com-pliance immer dann eine natürliche Grenze, wenn ethisch-moralische Ansprüche konträr zu ökonomischen Interessen stehen.
Despite the enormous number of assistive technologies (ATs) in dementia care, the management of challenging behavior (CB) of persons with dementia (PwD) by informal caregivers in home care is widely disregarded. The first-line strategy to manage CB is to support the understanding of the underlying causes of CB to formulate individualized nonpharmacological interventions. App- and sensor-based approaches combining multimodal sensors (actimetry and other modalities) and caregiver information are innovative ways to support the understanding of CB for family caregivers. The main aim of this study is to describe the design of a feasibility study consisting of an outcome and a process evaluation of a newly developed app- and sensor-based intervention to manage CB of PwD for family caregivers at home. In this feasibility study, we perform an outcome and a process evaluation with a pre-post descriptive design over an 8-week intervention period. The Medical Research Council framework guides the design of this feasibility study. The data on 20 dyads (primary caregiver and PwD) are gathered through standardized questionnaires, protocols, and log files as well as semistructured qualitative interviews. The outcome measures (neuropsychiatric inventory and Cohen-Mansfield agitation inventory) are analyzed by using descriptive statistics and statistical tests relevant to the individual assessments (eg, chi-square test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test). For the analysis of the process data, the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology is used. Log files are analyzed by using descriptive statistics, protocols are analyzed by using documentary analysis, and semistructured interviews are analyzed deductively using content analysis. The newly developed app- and sensor-based AT has been developed and was evaluated until July in 2018. The recruitment of dyads started in September 2017 and was concluded in March 2018. The data collection was completed at the end of July 2018. This study presents the protocol of the first feasibility study to encompass an outcome and process evaluation to assess a complex app- and sensor-based AT combining multimodal actimetry sensors for informal caregivers to manage CB. The feasibility study will provide in-depth information about the study procedure and on how to optimize the design of the intervention and its delivery. DERR1-10.2196/11630
BACKGROUND Despite the enormous number of assistive technologies (ATs) in dementia care, the management of challenging behavior (CB) of persons with dementia (PwD) by informal caregivers in home care is widely disregarded. The first-line strategy to manage CB is to support the understanding of the underlying causes of CB to formulate individualized nonpharmacological interventions. App- and sensor-based approaches combining multimodal sensors (actimetry and other modalities) and caregiver information are innovative ways to support the understanding of CB for family caregivers. OBJECTIVE The main aim of this study is to describe the design of a feasibility study consisting of an outcome and a process evaluation of a newly developed app- and sensor-based intervention to manage CB of PwD for family caregivers at home. METHODS In this feasibility study, we perform an outcome and a process evaluation with a pre-post descriptive design over an 8-week intervention period. The Medical Research Council framework guides the design of this feasibility study. The data on 20 dyads (primary caregiver and PwD) are gathered through standardized questionnaires, protocols, and log files as well as semistructured qualitative interviews. The outcome measures (neuropsychiatric inventory and Cohen-Mansfield agitation inventory) are analyzed by using descriptive statistics and statistical tests relevant to the individual assessments (eg, chi-square test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test). For the analysis of the process data, the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology is used. Log files are analyzed by using descriptive statistics, protocols are analyzed by using documentary analysis, and semistructured interviews are analyzed deductively using content analysis. RESULTS The newly developed app- and sensor-based AT has been developed and was evaluated until July in 2018. The recruitment of dyads started in September 2017 and was concluded in March 2018. The data collection was completed at the end of July 2018. CONCLUSIONS This study presents the protocol of the first feasibility study to encompass an outcome and process evaluation to assess a complex app- and sensor-based AT combining multimodal actimetry sensors for informal caregivers to manage CB. The feasibility study will provide in-depth information about the study procedure and on how to optimize the design of the intervention and its delivery. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR DERR1-10.2196/11630
A new measurement system (horizontal displacement, time of flight, synchronicity—HDTS) was investigated regarding the latest changes to the international evaluation rules in trampoline gymnastics. It allows for the real-time measurement of objective criteria, such as flight time and landing position, without affecting the gymnast. The aim of this study was to investigate the temporal and spatial accuracy of a measurement tool via cross-validation. Temporal precision was additionally tested via high-speed video landing and takeoff, while a three-dimensional motion capturing system was incorporated for spatial precision. The Bland–Altman “limit of agreement approach” was used for the assessment of congruence between the measurement systems. The new measurement system presented an average spatial deviation of 3.2 cm and a temporal deviation between − 5.8 and + 6.4 ms for the landing and − 11.3 and + 11.3 ms for the takeoff. Given its temporal and spatial accuracy in determining flight time and landing position as identified through cross-validation, the novel HDTS system proved to be suitable for its use in trampoline competitions.