Open Access

Lukas Nölken

• This article analyses the impact of robotics on the operation and maintenance (O&M) of offshore wind turbines (OWTs), with a particular emphasis on the challenges and benefits. As the world’s reliance on renewable energy, particularly offshore wind, increases to reduce climate change, the growing number of OWTs requires effective O&M. Challenges consist of logistics, accessibility and high costs. The paper presents the application of climbing robots, unmanned aerial vehicles and underwater robots to overcome these challenges. The combination of multiple robotic platforms, such as autonomous surface vehicles and autonomous underwater vehicles, represents a collaborative approach to O&M. Obstacles include the need for accurate navigation, building trust between humans and robots, and research into artificial intelligence. In conclusion, the integration of robotics in O&M presents considerable advantages, increasing efficiency, safety and cost-effectiveness. Further progress and research into artificial intelligence are crucial in achieving complete automation, which will transform the O&M of OWTs.