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Faculty
The use of augmented reality (AR) in outbound logistics is associated with potentially strong stimuli for cost savings and throughput time. Nevertheless, the benefits of AR compared to conventional methods require a holistic analysis for investment decision making. Until now, research has only assessed case-study-related potentials and selected aspects of the technology. This paper answers the following research questions: How can the economic efficiency of AR in the packing process be quantified by utilizing a holistic model of value drivers? How can AR be technically implemented for packing processes in outbound logistics? What economic profit results from the use of AR technology in a case company’s packing process?
The presented model enables the investment decision to be supported based on economic value added (EVA), thereby providing an assessment of value drivers in packing systems. Cost drivers are identified on the basis of the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) process model. The technical and economic validation of the model was carried out by means of an empirical study: Expert interviews were conducted for validating the model elements. Data collection by a prototype at a mechanical-engineering company was used to calculate the value contribution. The mapping of cause-effect relationships within the framework of EVA driver trees has proven itself in both the expert interviews and the prototype validation. The field experiment at the case company demonstrated a positive value contribution of AR, in particular regarding employee productivity, length and variance of throughput time, quality aspects, volume utilization, and quantity of packing material used.
In-depth analysis of customer journeys to broaden the understanding of customer behaviors and expectations in order to improve the customer experience is considered highly relevant in modern business practices. Recent studies predominantly focus on retrospective analysis of customer data, whereas more forward-directed concepts, namely predictions, are rarely addressed. Additionally, the integration of robotic process automation (RPA) to potentially increase the efficiency of customer journey analysis is not discussed in the current field of research. To fill this research gap, this paper introduces “customer journey mining”. Process mining techniques are applied to leverage digital customer data for accurate prediction of customer movements through individual journeys, creating valuable insights for improving the customer experience. Striving for improved efficiency, the potential interplay of RPA and customer journey mining is examined accordingly. The research methodology followed is based on a design science research process. An initially defined customer journey mining artifact is operationalized through an illustrative case study. This operationalization is achieved by analyzing a log file of an online travel agency functioning as an orientation for researchers and practitioners while also evaluating the initially defined framework. The data is used to train seven distinct prediction models to forecast the touchpoint a customer is most likely to visit next. Gradient-boosted trees yield the highest prediction accuracy with 43.1%. The findings further indicate technical suitability for RPA implementation, while financial viability is unlikely.
AI-based chatbots as enabler for efficient external knowledge management in public administration
(2024)
This study addresses the pressing issue of staff shortages in German public administrations through the lens of digitalization, focusing on the potential of AI-based chatbots to solve this problem by replacing human labour. Employing a Design Science Research Process (DSRP) methodology, the research synthesizes theoretical foundations and regulatory frameworks to develop a robust chatbot concept. The artifact presented is a comprehensive architectural framework integrating user-centric design, linguistic processing, and regulatory compliance. The proposed artifact navigates complex federal structures and diverse IT infrastructures, promoting accessibility and inclusivity. Implications suggest enhanced efficiency and accessibility in public service delivery for potentially increasing citizen satisfaction and decreasing employee workload. The study underscores the importance of legal compliance and the evolving regulatory landscape in AI deployment. Future research will involve prototyping and evaluating the artifact's performance and applicability throughout the course of the DSRP, thus contributing to the advancement of digital transformation in public administrations.
Virtual reality (VR) is starting to realize some of its promise as a tool to improve training effectiveness. However, research on VR for training and development is limited. Existing theories and models relating to organizational training and learning are infrequently used in the VR literature. A greater understanding of why VR works in the training context would help training designers create effective programs that leverage this continuously developing technology. This paper provides a typology of VR technologies specifically relevant to HR and integrates HR training frameworks and theory into findings on VR training from these other literatures. We specifically focus on immersive VR technology and seek to better understand reasons for the effectiveness of VR technologies for both training and assessment. We review findings, integrate related streams of research, and offer guideposts for those contemplating VR implementation in four important areas: training reactions in a VR context, VR-specific learning outcomes, opportunities for assessment using VR, and the effect of VR on training transfer. We conclude the paper by identifying a VR-training agenda for HR researchers.
This paper focusses on effective teaching and learning methods in the context of a larger project that aims to align objectives in higher education with employer requirements in the field of purchasing and supply management (PSM). The reason is that little is known about which specific skills and competencies of PSM professionals are needed outside academia and which learning objective higher education should incorporate to meet the practical PSM requirements of firms and organisations. Practice as well as literature share the understanding that PSM professionals need a well-balanced mixture of knowledge and soft-skills: the merely explicit know-what (codified knowledge), know-why (theory), know-how (method) and inter- & intrapersonal soft skills.
External sources of knowledge have become a necessary extension to internal innovation activities (Monteiro, Mol and Birkinshaw, 2017; Rosenkopf and Nerkar, 2001). Collaborations with customers, suppliers, universities or even competitors are a promising way to extend the own knowledge base in order to increase the firm´s innovativeness (Felin and Zenger, 2014; Laursen and Salter, 2006). onsidering this potential set of external partners, suppliers seem to have the largest impact on product innovation (Un, Cuervo-Cazurra and Asakawa, 2010). Yet, suppliers’ innovative potential is limited as described in a case study by Gassmann, Zeschky, Wolff, and Stahl (2010), which further shows how a new venture supplier, commonly referred to as “startup”, has succeed at providing a truly innovative idea (a haptic feedback control device for automobiles). Therefore, startups as a specific knowledge provider have received growing attention (Weiblen and Chesbrough, 2015; Zaremba, Bode and Wagner, 2016). By collaborating with startups, corporations hope to benefit from the startups´ entrepreneurial characteristics, such as alertness, creativity, flexibility and willingness to take risks (Audretsch, Segarra and Teruel, 2014; Criscuolo, Nicolaou and Salter, 2012; Marion, Friar and Simpson, 2012).
Startups have the potential to transform industries as they follow partly divergent business strategies and have the ability to develop new innovative products. The evolving fields of digitalization, sustainability and urbanization highlight the direction of change. Due to enormous time pressure and lack of knowledge, corporations rely heavily on external sources of knowledge to increase innovativeness. Therein, startups take a special role. Joint R&D projects, investments or strategic buyer-supplier agreements with startups grant corporations access to their innovative technologies. This paper gives insights into the organization of search processes to identify innovative startups and highlights approaches to initiate collaborations. Therefore, a multiple-case study among automotive OEMs and suppliers was conducted. The research ends with organizational structures, an identification process, and various instruments developed for the identification of startup innovations. Furthermore, propositions are made for a successful collaboration between startups and established corporations, displaying the role of purchasing in startup management, the need to take fast decisions, secure technical support by experts within their organization and build strong relationships with partners within their supply chain and new partners, as for example venture capitalists.
Process-Driven Applications (PDA) require less coding, for their business logic is defined by a business process model which can be executed by a process engine. However, inconsistencies between process model and dependent source code artifacts cause runtime errors and reduce development productivity. This paper targets at making the development of PDAs more efficient: It proposes a broader approach to statical analysis which also covers consistency constraints between model and code. When integrated into common analysis tools or a continuous integration pipeline, defects like broken code references or data-flow anomalies can be detected at an early stage without launching the entire application and its process interpretation engine. The approach is demonstrated by a prototype called viadee Process Application Validator (vPAV), which was developed for BPMN-based process models. The prototype has already been used in various BPM projects, attesting high benefit and potential.