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Basierend auf Thierschs kritischen und gleichsam als Aufforderung zu verstehenden Worten, unternimmt die vorliegende Arbeit den Versuch, die pädagogische Authentizität insofern zu konturieren, dass sie zum greifbaren und attraktiven Diskussionsgegenstand werden kann. In diesem Zusammenhang fließen auch Sichtweisen und Erkenntnisse verschiedener Bezugsdisziplinen wie beispielsweise der Neurowissenschaft und der Bindungsforschung ein. Zusätzlich werden mögliche Anwendungsfelder der pädagogischen Authentizität benannt. Auf diese Art möchte die vorliegende Arbeit einen Beitrag zum Fachdiskurs der Sozialen Arbeit im Allgemeinen sowie zur Kompetenzdebatte im speziellen leisten.
Phenanthroline chromophore as efficient antenna for Tb3+ green luminescence: A theoretical study
(2021)
Despite their important role in our energy system, common wind turbines have some disadvantages. Mainly, those disadvantages are connected to the intermediate conversion of wind energy in rotational energy. The resulting effects include maintenance costs and social acceptance problems. There are different technological approaches, that convert wind energy to electrical energy without its conversion to kinetic energy. As one of those technologies, the electrostatic wind energy conversion is to be discussed in this article. For this discussion, the historical development of this technology is presented. There are three important projects which will be presented to explain the technology and its different technological approaches. Those projects are the WPG, the EWICON and the SWET. Furthermore the results of those different experimental projects are collected and analyzed. On the basis of this analysis it is discussed, whether or not the electrostatic wind energy conversion could be of importance in a future energy system. Therefore the technology is set in relation to modern wind turbines. Also, important factors that influence the efficiency and energy output of those systems are outlined for further research. Due to different technological approaches a suggestion is made for the most promising system setting.
Gazelle: Ganzheitliche Regelung von Biogasanlagen zur Flexibilisierung und energetischen Optimierung
(2021)
Technical and organizational steps are necessary to mitigate cyber threats and reduce risks. Human behavior is the last line of defense for many hospitals and is considered as equally important as technical security. Medical staff must be properly trained to perform such procedures. This paper presents the first qualitative, interdisciplinary research on how members of an intermediate care unit react to a cyberattack against their patient monitoring equipment. We conducted a simulation in a hospital training environment with 20 intensive care nurses. By the end of the experiment, 12 of the 20 participants realized the monitors’ incorrect behavior. We present a qualitative behavior analysis of high performing participants (HPP) and low performing participants (LPP). The HPP showed fewer signs of stress, were easier on their colleagues, and used analog systems more often than the LPP. With 40% of our participants not recognizing the attack, we see room for improvements through the use of proper tools and provision of adequate training to prepare staff for potential attacks in the future.
Webinarreihe Zukunft Biogas - Teil 4: Bio CNG- Machbarkeit und Praxisbeispiel Hoftankstelle (Online)
(2021)
Webinarreihe Zukunft Biogas - Teil 6: Bündelung Rohgas in der Praxis: BiogasPartner Bitburg (Online)
(2021)
WiEfm 2.0 - Seminar Online: Förderung der Bürgerbeteiligung für die lokale Energie- und Wärmewende
(2021)
The Anatomy of Glenoid Concavity-Bony and Osteochondral Assessment of a Stability-Related Parameter
(2021)
Rigorous process models provide a reliable basis for model-based monitoring and control of anaerobic digestion plants. Due to the complex model structure and non-linear system characteristics, the established Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 (ADM1) is rarely applied in industrial plant operation. The present investigation proposes a systematic procedure for successive model simplification and presents the description of five model variants of a mass-based ADM1. Individual model structures greatly differ in their number of implemented process phases, characteristic components and required parameters. Simplified model variants combine nutrient degradation and biogas formation based on first-order sum reactions, whereas complex model structures describe individual degradation pathways and intermediates during acido- and acetogenesis. Characteristic features of the derived model structures as well as the stoichiometric methane potentials and microbial biomass yields of the underlying degradation pathways of individual model variations are evaluated and discussed in detail.
Due to a limited number of available measurements on agricultural biogas plants, established process models, such as the Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 (ADM1), are rarely applied in practise. To provide a reliable basis for model-based monitoring and control, different model simplifications of the ADM1 were implemented for process simulation of semi-continuous anaerobic digestion experiments using agricultural substrates (maize silage, sugar beet silage, rye grain and cattle manure) and industrial residues (grain stillage). Individual model structures enable a close depiction of biogas production rates and characteristic intermediates (ammonium nitrogen, propionic and acetic acid) with equal accuracy as the original ADM1. The impact of different objective functions and standard parameter values on parameter estimates of first-order hydrolysis constants and microbial growth rates were evaluated. Due to the small number of required model parameters and suitable system characteristics, simplified model structures show clear advantages for practical application on agricultural biogas plants.
The laser nitriding was performed in nitrogen gas at room temperature (20 °C) and low temperature (−190 °C) by a low power fiber laser to modify the wear and abrasion resistance of NiTi alloy. The surface roughness and element composition were analyzed by roughness device and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy respectively. The results of roughness show that laser treatment can change the surface roughness due to the laser remelting. The effect of laser nitriding on the microhardness, friction coefficient, and worn scars of NiTi alloy was also studied, which shows that the microhardness of the NiTi alloy increases after laser nitriding. The optical microscope and scanning electron microscope were used to characterize the surface of NiTi alloy after wear testing to observe the microstructure of worn scars. The results show that the laser nitriding with different parameters can induce a nitride layer with different thicknesses and the higher energy deposition is the key factor for the formation of the nitride layer, which can decrease the friction coefficient and reduce wear loss during the application of NiTi alloy. The improvement of wear resistance can be attributed to the hard nitriding layer.
Laser shock peening is a new and important surface treatment technique that can enhance the mechanical properties of metal materials. Normally, the nanosecond laser with pulse-width between 5 ns and 20 ns is used to induce a high-pressure shock wave that can generate plastic deformation in the top layer of metals. The femtosecond laser shock peening in the air has been studied recently, which can induce higher pressure shock wave than that of traditional nanosecond laser shock peening in a very short time. The NiTi alloy is processed by femtosecond laser shock peening, then a nanoindentation device is used to measure its surface hardness and residual stress. The hardness results of NiTi alloy before and after treatment show that the femtosecond laser shock peening can increase the hardness of NiTi alloy, which also shows that the femtosecond laser can be used to perform laser shock peening on NiTi alloy without coating.
Assessment of noise mitigation measures during pile driving of larger offshore wind foundations
(2021)
Wind energy is an important source of electricity generation, but the construction of offshore wind foundations causes high underwater sound pressure, harming marine life. In this context limiting values for underwater noise emissions were set to protect the marine flora and fauna. Therefore, noise mitigation measures during pile driving are mandatory to comply with these limits. Current development in the wind industry lead to increasing wind turbine sizes, requiring a larger pile diameter, which leads to higher underwater noise emissions. As a result, the state of the art noise mitigation systems might not be sufficient and a combination of different technologies is necessary. This article focuses on the issue of noise mitigation during pile driving with respect to large pile sizes. First, the most tested and proven noise mitigation techniques (big bubble curtain, hydro sound damper, and IHC-noise mitigation system) are described, following an analysis of noise reduction measurements in applications at different offshore wind farm projects. In the end the suitability of current noise mitigation systems for large monopiles is evaluated, regarding their effectiveness and practicability.
A data sender in an IP based network is only capable to efficiently use a network path if it knows the packet size limit of the path, i.e., the Path Maximum Transmission Unit (PMTU). The IETF recently specified a PMTU discovery framework for transport protocols like QUIC. This paper complements this specification by presenting a search algorithm. In addition, it defines several metrics and shows results of analyses for the algorithm with various PMTU candidate sequences using these metrics. We integrated the PMTU discovery with our algorithm into a QUIC simulation model. This paper describes the integration and presents measurements obtained by simulations.
Immaterielle Werte nehmen eine zunehmend höhere Relevanz für die Wertschöpfung von Unternehmen ein. Demgegenüber bieten sowohl die Vorgaben nach HGB als auch nach IFRS noch immer keine adäquate Abbildung immaterieller Werte im Abschluss. Unternehmen nutzen dennoch vielfach die - teils freiwilligen - Instrumente der Unternehmensberichterstattung, um Adressaten Informationen über ihre immateriellen Werte bereitzustellen. Der Beitrag analysiert die Qualität der Berichterstattung über immaterielle Werte in der Unternehmensberichterstattung börsennotierter Familienunternehmen und gibt Aufschluss über Einflussfaktoren der Berichterstattungsqualität.
Der am 27.05.2021 vorgelegte Entwurf zur Uberarbeitung des IFRS Practice Statement 1 "Management Commentary" enthält auch explizite Vorgaben zur Berichterstattung über immaterielle Werte. Der vorliegende Beitrag würdigt die vorgeschlagenen Berichtsanforderungen betreffend immaterieller Werte und zeigt mögliche Verbesserungsvorschläge auf.
Ist die Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung künftig um ein Intellectual Capital Reporting zu ergänzen?
(2021)
Der CSR-Richtlinienentwurf der EU sieht vor, dass in die (konsolidierte) Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung »Informationen über immaterielle Anlagewerte«
aufzunehmen sind.1 Diese mit vier Worten formulierte, auf den ersten Blick
unscheinbar wirkende Anforderung könnte weitreichende neue Angabepflichten
für alle Unternehmen, die zur Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung verpflichtet
sind, bedeuten. Im Folgenden wird aufgezeigt und diskutiert, welche Fragen
der europäische Standardsetter im Rahmen der Entwicklung der Standards
für Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattungen bzw. die berichtspflichtigen Unternehmen bei der Berichterstattung über immaterielle Werte zu klären haben.
Der Richtlinienentwurf selbst lässt offen, was und wie konkret zu berichten
ist. Auch eine begründete Verankerung der Berichterstattung über immaterielle
Anlagewerte in der Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung fehlt.
The PosiThera project focuses on the management of chronic wounds, which is multi-professional and multi-disciplinary. For this context, a software prototype was developed in the project, which is intended to support medical and nursing staff with the assistance of artificial intelligence. In accordance with the user-centred design, national workshops were held at the beginning of the project with the involvement of domain experts in wound care in order to identify requirements and use cases of IT systems in wound care, with a focus on AI. In this study, the focus was on involving nursing and nursing science staff in testing the software prototype to gain insights into its functionality and usability. The overarching goal of the iterative testing and adaptation process is to further develop the prototype in a way that is close to care.
KI in der Pflege
(2021)
Vielen Sozialarbeitenden, die im Bereich Flucht und Asyl tätig sind, dürften solche Pflichtenkonflikte bekannt sein. Die mangelhafte Umsetzung von und Ignoranz gegenüber Menschenrechten im nationalen Recht, kann dieses Differenzempfinden erklären (vgl. Prasad 2018a, S. 23).
Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die Rolle der Sozialen Arbeit als Zeugin von Menschenrechtsverletzungen unter besonderer Betrachtung der Umsetzung des Rechts auf Bildung von geflüchteten Kindern in Landesunterbringungseinrichtungen. Sie berührt die Frage, welcher theoretische Zusammenhang zwischen Menschenrechten und der Sozialen Arbeit besteht. Darüber hinaus wird untersucht, wie das Recht auf Bildung geflüchteter Kinder in der Landesunterbringung im Gesetz und in der Praxis umgesetzt wird und welche praktischen Handlungsmöglichkeiten der Sozialen Arbeit im Einsatz gegen Menschenrechtsverletzungen offenstehen.
Beratungspsychologie
(2021)
Beobachtung als Methode qualitativer Forschung: Eine flexible, kontextbezogene Forschungsstrategie
(2021)
Blockchain is seen as having high potential for the healthcare industry. In addition to the technological properties of the blockchain, crowd funding via Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) has also become a significant way of financing for start-ups in the healthcare industry. These ICOs are significantly different from familiar funding channels and therefore require intensive consideration of the factors relevant to success. Numerous papers have explored the success factors, but without considering the specifics of the healthcare industry. We fill this research gap and, based on hypotheses and a quantitative analysis of freely available data, show the factors relevant to the healthcare industry for a successful ICO. As a result, we show clear differences to the previously known success factors for ICOs and thus prove that the success factors of ICOs require an industry-specific consideration. Start-ups receive valuable advice on how to design a successful ICO. For the scientific community, there are starting points for further research into the success of ICOs.
Moderne IT-Organisation
(2021)
In der heutigen vernetzten Welt spielt die IT der Unternehmen eine entscheidende Rolle. In einer aktuellen Studie von KPMG wird die Forderung aufgestellt, dass die IT agiler, einfacher und schneller liefern muss (KPMG 2021). Eine der in diesem Zusammenhang fundamentalen Fragen aus Sicht der Unternehmen ist die nach der richtigen Organisation der IT zur optimalen Erfüllung aufgestellter Forderungen.
Lock-in-Effekt
(2021)
„Wer nur nach Lust strebt, endet in Unlust“, so beschreibt Klaus Grawe die Fixierung des Bedürfnisses nach Lustgewinn und die Nichtbefriedigung anderer Bedürfnisse und meint damit, dass alle psychischen Aktivitäten gleichzeitig aktiviert sind und immer auch Beachtung, wie Befriedigung brauchen (vgl. Grawe, 2004, S.301).
Die Jugend und Adoleszenz ist die Phase des Loslösens aus dem Elternhaus und die des Erwerbs eigener Autonomie. Man richtet sich jetzt mehr nach den Gleichaltrigen, seiner Peer-Group, welche mit denselben Problemen zu kämpfen und mehr Verständnis für einen selbst hat. Man ist nicht direkt erwachsen, nur weil man volljährig ist. Erst die Auseinandersetzung mit den neuen Entwicklungsaufgaben und das Meistern dieser führt den Menschen auf einen sicheren Weg ins Erwachsensein. Für viele junge Menschen ist es eine generell belastende Phase, welche bedingt, einen richtigen Umgang mit den neuen
Problemen zu erlernen. Selbst wissen, wer man ist, was man möchte und was man sich für die Zukunft vorstellt, kann eine schwierige Etappe sein. Zu den Entwicklungsaufgaben dieses Alters gehört neue Verhaltensweisen aufzuzeigen und sich eigenständig um seine Lebensgestaltung zu kümmern.
Cross-saturation of the gain media in intra-cavity pumped lasers leads to complex dynamics of the laser power. We present experimental results and a detailed theoretical analysis of this nonlinear dynamics for an intra-cavity pumped Yb:YAG thin-disk laser in the framework of a rate-equation model. The gain medium of this laser is residing in the resonator of a conventional, diode-pumped Yb:YAG thin-disk laser. Continuous-wave operation, periodic pulse trains, and chaotic fluctuations of the optical power of both lasers were observed. The dynamics is not driven by external perturbations but arises naturally in this laser system. Further examination revealed that these modes of operation can be controlled by the resonator length of the diode-pumped laser but that the system can also show hysteresis and multi-stability.
Purpose
Procurement professionals widely use purchasing portfolio models to tailor purchasing strategies to different product groups’ needs. However, the application of these approaches in hospitals and the impact of a pandemic shock remain largely unknown. This paper aims to assess hospital purchasers’ procurement strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic, the effects of factor-market rivalry (FMR) on strategies and the effectiveness of purchasing portfolio categorizations in this situation.
Design/methodology/approach
This qualitative study of hospital purchasing in the Netherlands is supported by secondary data from official government publications. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 hospital purchasers at large hospitals. An interpretative approach is used to analyze the interviews and present the results.
Findings
The findings reveal that product scarcity forces purchasers to treat them as (temporary) bottleneck items at the hospital level. The strategies adopted largely aligned with expected behavior based on Kraljic’s commodity management model. Adding the FMR perspective to the model helped to further cluster crisis strategies into meaningful categories. Besides inventory management, increasing supply, reducing demand and increasing resource coordination were the other common strategies. An important finding is that purchasers and governments serve as gatekeepers in channeling FMR, thereby reducing potential harmful competition between and within hospitals.
Social implications
The devastating experience of the COVID-19 pandemic is unveiling critical weaknesses of public health-care provision in times of crisis. This study assesses the strategies hospital purchasers apply to counteract shortages in the supply chain. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of gatekeepers in times of crisis and present strategies purchasers can take to assure the supply of resources.
Originality/value
No research has been conducted on purchasing portfolio models and FMR implications for hospitals during pandemics. Therefore, the authors offer several insights: increasing the supply risk creates temporary bottleneck strategies, letting purchasers adopt a short-term perspective and emphasizing the high mobility of commodities in the Kraljic commodity matrix. Additionally, despite more collaboration uncovered in other studies regarding COVID-19, strong rivalry arose at the beginning of the pandemic, leading to increased competition and less collaboration. Given such increased FMR, procurement managers and governments become important gatekeepers to balance resource allocation during pandemics both within and between hospitals.
Floating offshore wind (FOW) holds the key to 80 % of the total offshore wind resources, located in waters of 60 m and deeper in European seas, where traditional bottom-fixed offshore wind (BFOW) is not economically attractive.
Many problems affecting floating offshore wind turbines (FOWT) were quickly overcome based on previous experience with floating oil rigs and bottom-fixed offshore wind. However, this technology is still young and there are still many challenges to overcome.
This paper shows that electrical failures are amongst the most significant errors of FOWT. The most common cause was corrosion. It is also stated that the control system is most often affected, and that the Generator is frequently involved. Material corrosion is also the key factor when it comes to the most common overall reason for failures.
A particular attention must be paid to mooring line fracture. Mooring lines are especially vulnerable to extreme sea conditions and the resulting fatigue, corrosion, impact damage, and further risks.
It must be stated that the primary challenge is that of economics. Over time technological costs will decline making FOW more competitive and hence attractive for greater depth.
Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit Erlebnispädagogik und deren Relevanz für Erwachsene. Dabei fällt auf, dass erlebnispädagogische Träger, wie EXEO e.V. (vgl. EXEO e.V. o. D.), sich vorrangig auf Angebote für Kinder und Jugendliche spezialisiert haben. Erlebnispädagogik findet in außerschulischen Einrichtungen der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe statt. Im schulischen Kontext wird Erlebnispädagogik ergänzend zu der formalen Bildung, dem Unterricht, im Rahmen von Wandertagen, Klassenfahrten und Fortbildungen des Fachpersonals genutzt. Erlebnispädagogische Angebote wie von EXEO GmbH (vgl. EXEO GmbH o. D.) richten sich zusätzlich an Erwachsene. Die geringere Quantität der vorhandenen Fachliteratur zu nonformaler Bildung Erwachsener durch Erlebnispädagogik verdeutlicht, dass deren Altersgruppe in diesem Bildungssektor bislang wenig Aufmerksamkeit bekommen hat. Die praktische Erfahrung innerhalb des Arbeitsfeldes der Sozialen Arbeit zeigt, dass neben den Kindern und Jugendlichen, auch Erwachsene eine relevante Zielgruppe sind. Das steigende Interesse an Teamevents und Fortbildungsangeboten Erwachsener stellt neue Anforderungen an die Soziale Arbeit. So rücken diverse Methoden Sozialer Arbeit im Bereich der Erwachsenenbildung in den Vordergrund. Aus diesem Grund nimmt sich die vorliegende Arbeit dieser Altersgruppe an. Dabei entsteht die Frage, welchen Einfluss erlebnispädagogische Angebote auf die Resilienz Erwachsener hat. Inwieweit Resilienz entwickelt wird und warum diese auch für Erwachsene in ihrer Entwicklung und ihrem alltäglichen Leben vonnöten ist, wird im Laufe der Arbeit herausgearbeitet.
In der Praxis Sozialer Arbeit spielt Geschlecht an zahlreichen Stellen eine markante Rolle. Dies wird besonders deutlich, wo spezifisch in Bezug auf Geschlechtlichkeit gearbeitet wird, wie beispielsweise in der Sexualpädagogik. Doch auch in anderen Kontexten Sozialer Arbeit sind die Einflüsse des Gender vorhanden. Während sich viele emanzipatorische soziale Bewegungen Mühe geben, über die Omnipräsenz patriarchaler Strukturen in der Gesellschaft aufzuklären und Entwicklungen in eine andere Richtung anzustoßen, ist es jedoch selbst für Fachkräfte in der Sozialen Arbeit noch relativ leicht, dieses Thema zu übersehen – was nicht einmal absichtlich passieren muss, es steht schlicht noch nicht auf der Agenda.
Wind energy conversion systems have attracted considerable attention as a renewable energy source due to depleting fossil fuel reserves and environmental concerns as a direct consequence of using fossil fuel and nuclear energy sources. The increasing number of wind turbines increases the interest in efficient systems. The power output of a wind energy conversion system depends on the accuracy of the maximum power tracking system, as wind speed changes constantly throughout the day. Maximum power point tracking systems that do not require mechanical sensors to measure the wind speed offer several advantages over systems using mechanical sensors. In this paper four different approaches that do not use mechanical sensors to measure the wind speed will be presented; the assets and drawbacks of these systems are highlighted, and afterwards the examined algorithms will be compared based on different characteristics. Finally, based on the analysis, an evaluation is made as to which of the presented algorithms is the most promising.