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Automated regression tests are a key enabler for applying popular continuous software engineering techniques. This paper focuses on testing BPMN-based Process-Driven Applications (PDA). When evolving PDAs, the affected test cases must be identified and co-evolved as well. In this process, affected test cases can be overlooked, misunderstandings may occur during communication between different roles involved, and implementation errors can arise. Regardless of possible error sources, the entire test migration process is time-consuming. This paper presents a new semi-automated test migration process for PDAs. The concept builds on previous work on creating regression tests using a no-code approach. Our approach identifies the modifications of the PDA and classifies their impact on previously defined tests. The classification indicates whether existing test code can be migrated automatically or whether a manual revision becomes necessary. During an AB/BA experiment, the concept and the developed prototype proved a more efficient test migration process and a higher test quality.
Ecosystem Emergence and Founding Conditions - Lessions Learned from an Imprinting Perspective
(2022)
The rise of ecosystem prominence has provided several definitions of how we understand ecosystems nowadays. In this context, several scholars have considered influencing factors for ecosystem emergence. This paper addresses this consideration and analyzes the salient characteristics of different ecosystem types and their potential persistence since ecosystem founding to improve the understanding of emergence. We applied a three-step approach (1) identifying ecosystem types based on bibliometric analysis, (2) exploring salient characteristics per ecosystem type using qualitative content analysis and (3) deriving founding conditions from the salient characteristics following a conceptual approach. Based on a bibliometric analysis, we identified business/innovation, entrepreneurial and service ecosystems. In a second step, we developed salient characteristics within the themes of structure, power constellation/interdependencies and governance by inductive coding. As we identified a significant difference in alignment structure, we analyzed if alignment structure persists since ecosystem origin and explains why ecosystems differ. We analyzed potential pairings between alignment structure and their respective founding condition for every ecosystem type. With the alignment structures’ persistence, we can better understand why ecosystem types differ.
Assessing serious games within purchasing and supply management education: an in-class experiment
(2021)
Process-Driven Applications flourish through the interaction between an executable BPMN process model, human tasks, and external software services. All these components operate on shared process data, so it is even more important to check the correct data flow. However, data flow is in most cases not explicitly defined but hidden in model elements, form declarations, and program code. This paper elaborates on data-flow anomalies acting as indicators for potential errors and how such anomalies can be uncovered despite implicit and hidden data-flow definitions. By considering an integrated view, it goes beyond other approaches which are restricted to separate data-flow analysis of either process model or source code. The main idea is to merge call graphs representing programmed services into a control-flow representation of the process model, to label the resulting graph with associated data operations, and to detect anomalies in that labeled graph using a dedicated data-flow analysis. The applicability of the solution is demonstrated by a prototype designed for the Camunda BPM platform.
Specifying roles in purchasing and supply management in the era of Industry 4.0: A Delphi study
(2021)
New technologies and systems within the field of purchasing and supply management (PSM) call forth responsibilities and require expertise. Moving towards Industry 4.0 in purchasing, increasing attention on specialization within talent and skills, where human capital is needed to exploit the full potential of technologies. Based on an internet-based real-time Delhi study with 47 experts within the PSM field, six future purchasing roles have been defined and elaborated. These future roles connect to the maturing and emerging technologies within the purchasing field and provide a guideline to further develop towards Industry 4.0 in purchasing based on a human-centered evolutionary approach.
To increase maturity within purchasing and supply management (PSM), future purchasing skills are needed based on the technological development towards Industry 4.0. Past research, eg, the work of Bals, Schulze, Kelly, and Stek (2019), started to address this issue based on literature review and interview studies. However, a detailed description of these skills is missing. Utilizing a real-time Delhi study with 45 experts within the PSM field, nine future purchasing skills have been elaborated. Identified skills connect to the maturing and emerging technologies within purchasing and provide a guideline towards Industry 4.0 in purchasing based on a human-centric perspective.
Professional roles, including specific skills for each role, are a step towards higher professionalism and maturity within purchasing and supply management (PSM). The global development towards increasing digitalization, Industry 4.0, globalization, and increasing attention for corporate social responsibility force change within the purchasing organizations. Here, PSM's professional roles and skills are a good starting point to manage these changes by redefining professional roles organized by specific skills and responsibilities. For this reason, based on a systematic literature review and three World Cafés with 29 purchasing professionals, this study compiles a list of Industry 4.0 professional roles and skills in PSM.