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Hintergrund.ZurQualitätssicherungund
WeiterentwicklungvonBGF-Maßnahmen
(betrieblicheGesundheitsförderung) istes
vonInteresse,einenÜberblicküberwissen
schaftlichuntersuchteBGF-Maßnahmenin
denletztenzweiJahrzehntenzuerlangen.
Zielsetzung.WissenschaftlichevaluierteBGF
MaßnahmenausdenJahren2000–2020wer
denmithilfederinderPraxisdurchdenGKV
SpitzenverbandeingesetztenThemenfelder
aufdiethematischenEntwicklungen,den
Nutzen,aberauchdieSchwächenfürdie
ÜbertragbarkeitindiePraxishinanalysiert.
Methode.EinesystematischeLiteraturrecher
chefürdenPublikationszeitraumzwischen
2000und2020wurdeinzweielektronischen
Datenbankendurchgeführt.
Ergebnisse.DieEinschlusskriterienerfüllten
41Artikel.DiemeistenderindenStudien
durchgeführtenundevaluiertenBGF
MaßnahmenwarenkeineEinzelmaßnahmen,
sondernstelltenProgrammedar. Inihnen
wurdenmehrereThemenfeldergleichzeitig
adressiert.Insgesamtzeigtensichdieinden
StudienuntersuchtenBGF-Maßnahmensehr
heterogen.ZumEndedesUntersuchungszeit
raumesnahmdieAnzahlanPublikationen
zu.
Schlussfolgerung.DieimLeitfadenPräventi
onvorgegebenenBGF-Themenfeldersindbis
aufeinThemenfeldausgewogenvertreten.
DieStudienzudenBGF-Maßnahmen
sindbezogenaufdieVerständlichkeitder
angewendetenDidaktikundMethodikoft
nureingeschränktnachvollziehbarund
somitschwerindieorganisationalePraxis
übertragbar.
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund. Zur qualitätsbasierten
Weiterentwicklungeffizienter und bedarfs
orientierter Maßnahmen der betrieblichen
Gesundheitsförderung (BGF) ist es von
Interesse, einen Einblick in Ihren Aufbau,
die Ausgestaltung und den Ablauf der
Maßnahmender letztenzwei Jahrzehntezu
erlangen.
Zielsetzung. Auf Basis der arbeitsschutzori
entierten Leitliniendes GKV-Spitzenverbands
wird untersucht, ob vor der Umsetzung
von BGF-Maßnahmen Bedarfserhebungen
mittels Ist-Analysen durchgeführt wurden.
Zusätzlich wird betrachtet,ob die Analysen
„weiche“ Faktoren wie Kultur, Führung und
Beziehungsklima beinhalten. Weiter wird
analysiert, welche wissenschaftlichenTheori
en undModelle denMaßnahmenzugrunde
liegen. Zudem führt die Untersuchungeine
Wirksamkeitsbetrachtungdurch, um zu
ermitteln, welche Effekte die Maßnahmen
erzielten.
Methode. Das vorliegende Literatur-Review
untersucht wissenschaftlichevaluierte BGF
Maßnahmenaus den Jahren 2000–2020.
Hierzu wurde eine systematischeLitera
turrecherche in den zwei elektronischen
DatenbankenScopus und Web of Science
für den benannten Publikationszeitraum
durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse. Die Einschlusskriterienerfüllten
41Artikel.Nur4derStudienführteneine
Ist-Analyse zur Bedarfsbestimmung von
BGF-Maßnahmendurch. 25 Studien führten
Ist-Analysen im Rahmen der Maßnahmen
durch, alle waren arbeitsschutzorientiert.Vier
Studien inkludierten in ihrer Erhebung zu
Beginn Teilaspektevon weichen Faktoren. In
12 Studienwurdenden evaluiertenInterven
tionen unterschiedliche wissenschaftliche
Theorien und Modelle zugrunde gelegt. Alle
Studien berichtetenmindestensfür einzelne
Untersuchungsparametervon positiven
Effekten.
Schlussfolgerung. Vor dem Hintergrund
des Strukturwandels der Wirtschaft und der
beständig zunehmenden Humanisierung
der Arbeit spielen wissenschaftsbasierte
Analyseinstrumentezur Bedarfsbestimmung
eine große Rolle. Zukünftige Analyseinstru
mentesolltenvon derWissenschaftkonzipiert
und erprobt werden und zusätzlich zur
Arbeitsschutzorientierung die immateriellen,
weichen Faktoren Kultur, Führung und
Beziehungsklima beinhalten. Trotz der
Empfehlungen, Maßnahmenauf Grundlage
von Theorien und Modellen zu konzipieren,
wurde dieses Potenzial von nur wenigen
wissenschaftlichevaluiertenStudien genutzt.
Die Wirksamkeitsbetrachtungzeigt, dass alle
Studien mindestensfür Teile Ihrer Evaluation
von positiven Effekten berichten. Dieses
Untersuchungsergebnisdes Reviewsweist auf
ein Publikationsbiashin
Non-communicable diseases (NCD) are associated with high costs for healthcare systems. We evaluated changes in total costs, comprising direct and indirect costs, due to a 24-month non-randomized, controlled lifestyle intervention trial with six measurement time points aiming to improve the risk profile for NCDs. Overall, 187 individuals from the general population aged ≥18 years were assigned to either the intervention group (IG; n = 112), receiving a 10-week intensive lifestyle intervention focusing on a healthy, plant-based diet; physical activity; stress management; and community support, followed by a 22-month follow-up phase including monthly seminars, or a control group (CG; n = 75) without intervention. The complete data sets of 118 participants (IG: n = 79; CG: n = 39) were analyzed. At baseline, total costs per person amounted to 67.80 ± 69.17 EUR in the IG and 48.73 ± 54.41 EUR in the CG per week. The reduction in total costs was significantly greater in the IG compared to the CG after 10 weeks (p = 0.012) and 6 months (p = 0.004), whereas direct costs differed significantly after 10 weeks (p = 0.017), 6 months (p = 0.041) and 12 months (p = 0.012) between the groups. The HLCP-2 was able to reduce health-related economic costs, primarily due to the reduction in direct costs.
Background: Establishing a healthy lifestyle has a great potential to reduce the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and their risk factors. NCDs contribute immensely to the economic costs of the health care system arising from therapy, medication use, and productivity loss.
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the Healthy Lifestyle Community Program (cohort 2; HLCP-2) on medication use and consequently on medication costs for selected NCDs (diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia).
Methods: Data stem from a 24-month non-randomised, controlled intervention trial aiming to improve risk factors for NCDs. Participants completed questionnaires at six measurement time points assessing medication use, from which costs were calculated. The following medication groups were included in the analysis as NCD medication: glucose-lowering medications (GLM), antihypertensive drugs (AHD) and lipid-lowering drugs (LLD). Statistical tests for inter- and intra-group comparison and multiple regression analysis were performed.
Results: In total, 118 participants (intervention group [IG]: n = 79; control group [CG]: n = 39) were considered. Compared to baseline medication use decreased slightly in the IG and increased in the CG. Costs for NCD medication were significantly lower in the IG than in the CG after 6 (p = 0.004), 12 (p = 0.040), 18 (p = 0.003) and 24 months (p = 0.008). After multiple regression analysis and adjusting for confounders, change of costs differed significantly between the groups in all final models.
Conclusion: The HLCP-2 was able to moderately prevent an increase of medication use and thus reduce costs for medication to treat NCDs with the greatest impact on AHD.
Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases. Therefore, improvement of oxidative stress status through lifestyle intervention can play a vital role in preventing and treating chronic diseases. This systematic review aims to provide an overview of articles published in the last decade examining the association between lifestyle intervention and oxidative stress biomarkers in the context of non-communicable diseases. The electronic databases PubMed and Web of Science were searched for relevant studies, following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. This systematic review focused on the four important oxidative stress biomarkers; glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and malondialdehyde. 671 articles were identified, of which nine met the inclusion criteria. A trend emerged, showing that lifestyle modifications that focus on diet and physical health can improve oxidative stress in the form of an increase in superoxide dismutase and CAT levels and a decrease in Malondialdehyde levels in participants with non-communicable diseases (NCDs), GSH levels were not affected. However, the results are difficult to compare because of the heterogeneity of the methods of the biomarkers studied. Our review indicates that oxidative stress can be influenced by lifestyle modifications and may be an effective tool for the prevention and management of non-communicable diseases. This review also elucidated the importance of analyzing multiple oxidative stress biomarkers to evaluate oxidative stress, it further highlights the need to conduct long-term lifestyle intervention studies on oxidative stress biomarkers to understand the connection between oxidative stress biomarkers, NCDs and Lifestyle intervention.
Consumption Corridors: Living a Good Life within Sustainable Limits
explores how to enhance peoples’ chances to live a good life in a world of ecological and social limits.
Rejecting familiar recitations of problems of ecological decline
and planetary boundaries, this compact book instead offers a spirited explication of what everyone desires: a good life. Fundamental
concepts of the good life are explained and explored, as are forces
that threaten the good life for all. The remedy, says the book’s seven
international authors, lies with the concept of consumption corridors, enabled by mechanisms of citizen engagement and deliberative
democracy.
Across fve concise chapters, readers are invited into conversation about how wellbeing can be enriched by social change that joins
“needs satisfaction” with consumerist restraint, social justice, and
environmental sustainability. In this endeavour, lower limits of consumption that ensure minimal needs satisfaction for all are important, and enjoy ample precedent. But upper limits to consumption,
argue the authors, are equally essential, and attainable, especially in those domains where limits enhance rather than undermine essential
freedoms.
Who cares (for whom)
(2022)
A synthesis is made of 10 topics within climate research, where there have been significant advances since January 2020. The insights are based on input from an international open call with broad disciplinary scope. Findings include: (1) the options to still keep global warming below 1.5 °C; (2) the impact of non-CO2 factors in global warming; (3) a new dimension of fire extremes forced by climate change; (4) the increasing pressure on interconnected climate tipping elements; (5) the dimensions of climate justice; (6) political challenges impeding the effectiveness of carbon pricing; (7) demand-side solutions as vehicles of climate mitigation; (8) the potentials and caveats of nature-based solutions; (9) how building resilience of marine ecosystems is possible; and (10) that the costs of climate change mitigation policies can be more than justified by the benefits to the health of humans and nature.
As a salutogenic concept, “consumption corridors” aims to support what is necessary for sustainable wellbeing to be achieved in relation to the Earth system, with a deep consideration for justice and equity. Living in consumption corridors is a representation of everyday life whereby people live within limits, so that all people – now and in the future – can access what is needed to live a good life. In this special issue, a series of scholars and practitioners have come together to further develop the concept, engage with its ethodological implications, and relate it to consumption domains and policy implications. We begin by introducing how the concept emerged, in relation to the complexity of grappling with the societal transformations required for achieving more sustainable forms of consumption. We then present the different contributions, which demonstrate the importance of considering both maximum and minimum consumption standards, the relevance of human-need theories, as well as the difference between achieving wellbeing and the means necessary for doing so. We conclude by opening up to areas that merit further deliberation: how to relate consumption corridors to everyday-life dynamics, but also to the critical question of power relations at play in implementing consumption corridors.
Purpose: Organic food processing must include organic principles to be authentic. This qualitative study aims to understand the processors' understanding of organic food processing quality.
Design/methodology/approach: This study is based on semi-structured expert interviews with eight employees of six purely or partly organic dairies from Germany and Switzerland. Interview themes are (1) quality of organic milk processing in general, (2) assessment of specific processing techniques, (3) product quality of organic milk and (4) flow of information between producer and consumer. The interviews have been audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed.
Findings: (1) Experts prefer minimal processing; some prefer artisanal processing, whilst others stress the advantages of mechanisation. (2) High temperature short time (HTST) pasteurisation and mechanical processing techniques are accepted; ultra-high-temperature (UHT) milk processing is partly rejected. (3) Traditional taste and valuable ingredients should be present in the final product. Natural variances are judged positively. (4) Consumers' low level of food technology literacy is challenging for communication.
Research limitations/implications: The results cannot be generalised due to the qualitative study design. Further studies, e.g. qualitative case analyses and studies with a quantitative design, are necessary to deepen the results.
Practical implications: The paper shows which processing technologies experts consider suitable or unsuitable for organic milk. The paper also identifies opportunities to bridge the perceived gap between processors' and consumers' demands.
Originality/value: The study shows the challenges of processors in expressing the processors' understanding of process quality.
Organic food quality is based on processing. While the EU organic production regulation focuses on agricultural production, private standards provide more detailed information about further processing. For the development of organic processing, practitioner perspectives can provide valuable input. To get insight into practitioner perspectives, we conducted semi-structured expert interviews with nine employees of seven partly organic juice processing companies from Germany and Austria. Interview topics were (i) quality of organic juice processing in general, (ii) assessment of specific processing techniques, (iii) product quality of organic juice and (iv) flow of information between producer and consumer. We conducted a thematic analysis. We found that the experts’ understanding of process quality mostly includes more aspects than the EU organic production regulation. It covers the whole food chain plus aspects of social and environmental sustainability. The experts prefer directly bottled juice of local raw materials but chiefly accept juice made from concentrate of exotic raw materials because of environmental concerns. Organic juice is preferred when it is cloudy and natural fluctuations are interpreted as an indicator of natural quality. The experts report that consumer information is challenging because of low food literacy. Raising this might help reduce the number of processed juices on the market.