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In the last decade, in many European Countries more and more measures have been initiated aiming at the prevention of food losses and wastes along the entire value chain. In order to evaluate or monitor such important measures it is crucial to obtain quantitative information on generated food waste amounts, subsequently enabling the quantitative evaluation of the measure’s outcomes and efficiency. Currently there is a paucity of quantitative information, particularly on food losses that are directly generated during harvesting processes. Up to date, no method is available or standardised aiming at the in-situ or on-site quantification of food losses during harvest. Using the example of the potato harvest, this study presents a practical approach for determining potato losses. To test the applicability of the developed method, on-site measurements were conducted directly on the field at five different locations in Austria and Germany. Our method enables the quantification of food losses based on defined areas along the harvested potato rows, where the analyser manually collects potatoes during their harvest. Hereby, two types of potato losses needs to be considered: non-harvested, under-sized potatoes that remain under the earth and the harvested ones, which are rejected on-site because of quality requirements regarding their size, shape, and state of health. Our study shows that between 1 and 9% of field losses (based on yield potential) can be generated during the potato harvest. In future, this method may be the basis for standardised protocols in order to be able to derive cultivar-specific benchmarks and, consequently, to develop measures for preventing food losses. In general, more case studies and evidence-based ground-up measurements on other cultivars and for other regions are needed focusing on the on-site quantification of post-harvest losses.
Der Anschluss privater Schmutzwasserleitungen an Regenwasserkanäle und die Verknüpfung der Schmutzwasserkanalisation mit der Regenwasserkanalisation führen zu nennenswerten Stoffeinträgen in die Gewässer. Belastbare Zahlen zu den Größenordnungen von Fehleinleitungen und der daraus resultierenden Ge-wässerbelastung fehlen bislang. Im Rahmen des Forschungsvorhabens DETEK-T der FH Münster und der Dr. Pecher AG wurden Detektionsmöglichkeiten unter-sucht und Strategien zur Beseitigung der Fehlanschlüsse erarbeitet. Aus den bisherigen Ergebnissen wird der Frachteintrag für den Parameter CSB in NRW abgeschätzt.
Vom Standard- zum IT-Bett
(2019)
Family-Firm Transformational Leadership, Familiness and Performance: A Four-Path Mediation Model
(2019)
An important strength of family firms is the familiness of these firms. We examined how the transformational leadership style could strengthen firms’ performance levels through familiness. In this cross-sectional field study, survey measures were obtained from family CEOs of 72 German family firms, and the members of their non-family-based TMTs (245 TMT members). Support was obtained for a four-path mediation model, in which three distinct familiness-related team forces (TMT cohesion, behavioral integration, and efficacy) serve as mediators between CEO TFL and family-firm performance in a series. It is argued here that positive familiness results from a specific leadership style.