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Krankenhäuser vollziehen einen Wandel von reinen sozialen Versorgungseinrichtungen zu wirtschaftlichen Dienstleistungsunternehmen. Veränderungen im Gesundheitssystem und in der Gesellschaft führen heutzutage zu einem Wettbewerb zwischen den einzelnen Krankenhäusern. Krankenhäuser müssen Patienten als Kunden sehen, die umworben und gewonnen werden müssen. Sie müssen vehement und kontinuierlich ihre Leistungen und Vorteile gegenüber anderen Krankenhäusern der Öffentlichkeit kommunizieren. Marketing, speziell die Public Relations ist eine Möglichkeit, mit der Öffentlichkeit Kontakt aufzunehmen. Im Rahmen solcher Marketingaktivitäten erweist sich Public Relations als das beste Instrument, da es im Gegensatz zu reinen Werbemaßnahmen nicht mit dem sehr sensiblen und gesetzlich stark reglementierten Bereich des Gesundheitswesens in Konflikt tritt. Die Stützpfeiler der Public Relations sind eine gewissenhafte Weitergabe von Informationen an die relevanten Öffentlichkeiten sowie ein kontinuierlicher vertrauensvoller Dialog mit diesen. Public Relations organisiert die komplexen Kommunikationsbeziehungen nach innen und außen. Voraussetzung für eine erfolgreiche externe Kommunikation ist eine optimal funktionierende interne Kommunikation mit den Mitarbeitern, die als Multiplikatoren das Unternehmensleitbild verinnerlichen und nach außen tragen müssen. Um Public Relations professionell zu etablieren und zu nutzen, bedarf es eines eigenständigen Aufgabenbereiches in der Führungsetage eines Krankenhauses.
Despite the enormous number of assistive technologies (ATs) in dementia care, the management of challenging behavior (CB) of persons with dementia (PwD) by informal caregivers in home care is widely disregarded. The first-line strategy to manage CB is to support the understanding of the underlying causes of CB to formulate individualized nonpharmacological interventions. App- and sensor-based approaches combining multimodal sensors (actimetry and other modalities) and caregiver information are innovative ways to support the understanding of CB for family caregivers. The main aim of this study is to describe the design of a feasibility study consisting of an outcome and a process evaluation of a newly developed app- and sensor-based intervention to manage CB of PwD for family caregivers at home. In this feasibility study, we perform an outcome and a process evaluation with a pre-post descriptive design over an 8-week intervention period. The Medical Research Council framework guides the design of this feasibility study. The data on 20 dyads (primary caregiver and PwD) are gathered through standardized questionnaires, protocols, and log files as well as semistructured qualitative interviews. The outcome measures (neuropsychiatric inventory and Cohen-Mansfield agitation inventory) are analyzed by using descriptive statistics and statistical tests relevant to the individual assessments (eg, chi-square test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test). For the analysis of the process data, the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology is used. Log files are analyzed by using descriptive statistics, protocols are analyzed by using documentary analysis, and semistructured interviews are analyzed deductively using content analysis. The newly developed app- and sensor-based AT has been developed and was evaluated until July in 2018. The recruitment of dyads started in September 2017 and was concluded in March 2018. The data collection was completed at the end of July 2018. This study presents the protocol of the first feasibility study to encompass an outcome and process evaluation to assess a complex app- and sensor-based AT combining multimodal actimetry sensors for informal caregivers to manage CB. The feasibility study will provide in-depth information about the study procedure and on how to optimize the design of the intervention and its delivery. DERR1-10.2196/11630
BACKGROUND Despite the enormous number of assistive technologies (ATs) in dementia care, the management of challenging behavior (CB) of persons with dementia (PwD) by informal caregivers in home care is widely disregarded. The first-line strategy to manage CB is to support the understanding of the underlying causes of CB to formulate individualized nonpharmacological interventions. App- and sensor-based approaches combining multimodal sensors (actimetry and other modalities) and caregiver information are innovative ways to support the understanding of CB for family caregivers. OBJECTIVE The main aim of this study is to describe the design of a feasibility study consisting of an outcome and a process evaluation of a newly developed app- and sensor-based intervention to manage CB of PwD for family caregivers at home. METHODS In this feasibility study, we perform an outcome and a process evaluation with a pre-post descriptive design over an 8-week intervention period. The Medical Research Council framework guides the design of this feasibility study. The data on 20 dyads (primary caregiver and PwD) are gathered through standardized questionnaires, protocols, and log files as well as semistructured qualitative interviews. The outcome measures (neuropsychiatric inventory and Cohen-Mansfield agitation inventory) are analyzed by using descriptive statistics and statistical tests relevant to the individual assessments (eg, chi-square test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test). For the analysis of the process data, the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology is used. Log files are analyzed by using descriptive statistics, protocols are analyzed by using documentary analysis, and semistructured interviews are analyzed deductively using content analysis. RESULTS The newly developed app- and sensor-based AT has been developed and was evaluated until July in 2018. The recruitment of dyads started in September 2017 and was concluded in March 2018. The data collection was completed at the end of July 2018. CONCLUSIONS This study presents the protocol of the first feasibility study to encompass an outcome and process evaluation to assess a complex app- and sensor-based AT combining multimodal actimetry sensors for informal caregivers to manage CB. The feasibility study will provide in-depth information about the study procedure and on how to optimize the design of the intervention and its delivery. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR DERR1-10.2196/11630
Adhärenz digitaler Interventionen im Gesundheitswesen: Definitionen, Methoden und offene Fragen
(2021)
AbstractMany digital interventions rely on the participation of their users to have a positive impact. In various areas it can be observed that the use of digital interventions is often reduced or fully discontinued by the users after a short period of time. This is seen as one of the main factors that can limit the effectiveness of digital interventions. In this context, the concept of adherence to digital interventions is becoming increasingly important. Adherence to digital interventions is roughly defined as “the degree to which the user followed the program as it was designed,” which can also be paraphrased as “intended use” or “use as it is designed.” However, both the theoretical–conceptual and practical discussions regarding adherence to digital interventions still receive too little attention.The aim of this narrative review article is to shed more light on the concept of adherence to digital interventions and to distinguish it from related concepts. It also discusses the methods and metrics that can be used to operationalize adherence and the predictors that positively influence adherence. Finally, needs for action to better address adherence are considered critically.
Das Euregiogebiet Niederlande Nordrhein-Westfalen bringt als ländliche Grenzregion die Problematik einer überalternden Bevölkerung mit sich. Hilfe- und pflegebedürftige alte Menschen, die in Grenznähe wohnen, können struktur- und systembedingt nicht durch Versorgungsdienstleister jenseits der Grenze betreut werden. Im Rahmen eines Euregioprojektes wird daher eine Wohnsorgezone in deutsch-niederländischer Zusammenarbeit umgesetzt. Damit treffen sowohl Bewohner als auch Pflegefachkräfte sowie Mitarbeiter anderer Berufsgruppen mit unterschiedlichen Sozialisationen, aus zwei Ländern mit unterschiedlicher Entwicklung in der Altenversorgung aufeinander. Die durchgeführte Analyse erfasst beispielhaft unter Berücksichtigung gesetzlicher Vorgaben beider Länder und individueller sowie regionaler Besonderheiten einer deutschen und niederländischen Einrichtung Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede der pflegerischen Versorgungssituation alter Menschen in den Niederlanden und in Deutschland. Trotz weitgehender Übereinstimmungen lassen sich darin Schwerpunkte in der Versorgungssituation eruieren. So steht in den Niederlanden die Autonomie und Individualität des Bewohners und seiner Familie im Vordergrund der Versorgung. In Deutschland dominiert hingegen eine fachwissenschaftlich ausgerichtete Versorgung mit stärkerer Orientierung an internen Qualitätssicherungsmaßnahmen. Diese Schwerpunktsetzung hat wiederum Auswirkungen auf verschiedene Bereiche (z.B. Dokumentation) innerhalb des jeweiligen Versorgungskonzeptes. Basierend auf den erzielten Analyseergebnissen werden die Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten in acht Prinzipien (z.B. Prinzip der Normalität) zusammengeführt, die als Leitfaden zur Entwicklung eines konkreten Versorgungskonzeptes für die grenzüberschreitende Versorgungseinrichtung dienen können.
Approaches to Improvement of Digital Health Literacy (eHL) in the Context of Person-Centered Care
(2022)
The skills, knowledge and resources to search for, find, understand, evaluate and apply health information is defined as health literacy (HL). If individuals want to use health information from the Internet, they need Digital Health Literacy (eHL), which in addition to HL also includes, for example, media literacy. If information cannot be found or understood by patients due to low (e)HL, patients will not have the opportunity to make informed decisions. In addition, many health apps for self-management or prevention also require (e)HL. Thus, it follows that active participation in healthcare, in terms of Person-Centered Care (PCC) is only possible through (e)HL. Currently, there is a great need to strengthen these competencies in society to achieve increased empowerment of patients and their health. However, at the same time, there is a need to train and improve competencies in the field of healthcare professionals so that they can counsel and guide patients. This article provides an overview with a focus on HL and eHL in healthcare, shows the opportunities to adapt services and describes the possible handling of patients with low (e)HL. In addition, the opportunities for patients and healthcare professionals to improve (e)HL are highlighted.