TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gierling, Markus
A1  - Saatjohann, Christoph
A1  - Dresen, Christian
A1  - Köbe, Julia
A1  - Rath, Benjamin
A1  - Eckardt, Lars
A1  - Schinzel, Sebastian
T1  - Reviewing Cyber Security Research of Implantable Medical Rhythm Devices regarding Patients’ Risk
JF  - 86. Jahrestagung und Herztage 2020 der DGK
N2  - Introduction: The recent publication of several critical cyber security issues in cardiac implantable devices and the resulting press coverage upsets affected users and their trust in medical device producers. Reviewing the published security vulnerabilities regarding networked medical devices, it raises the question, if the reporting media, the responsible security researchers, and the producers handle security vulnerabilities appropriately. Are the media reports of security vulnerabilities in medical devices meaningful in a way that patients can assess their respective risk for an attack via the security vulnerability? The collaboration between IT-security experts and clinicians aims at reviewing published security vulnerabilities of rhythm devices, and evaluate overall patients risks.
Methodology: We performed a literature review on security vulnerabilities in implantable medical devices with a focus on cardiac devices. We analyzed (Fig. 1) the (1) requirements for an attacker and the (2) technical feasibility and clustered them in three different scenarios: The first scenario requires that the attacker physically approaches a victim with a programming device. The second scenario requires proximity to the victim, e.g., within a few meters. The third and strongest attacker scenario is a remote attack that doesn’t require any physical proximity to the victim. We then compare the attacker scenarios and (3) the overall patients’ risks with the press coverage (overhyped, adequate, underhyped). (4) The resulting overall patients’ risk was rated by clinicians (security vulnerability of patients’ data, dangerous programming possible).
Results: Out of the three analyzed incidents, we found one to be underhyped, one to be overhyped, and one was appropriate compared to the medial coverage (Fig. 2). The most occurring technical issues were based on the absence of basic security primitives. The patient damage for all of the analyzed incidents was fatal in the worst-case scenario. Further, the patient damage and the overall patient risks are disjunct due to the missing capability of performing large scale attacks.
Conclusion: The resulting overall patients’ risks may not adequately reflect the patient damage in the considered cases. Often, the overall patient risk is not as severe as the necessary attacker capabilities are high and it would require strongly motivated attackers to perform the attack. Therefore, most of the reviewed cases are considered with a smaller overall patient risk than implied by press reports. Reviewing the ongoing IT-Security trends regarding implantable medical devices shows an increasing focus on researching in the field of medical device security. Therefore, further findings in the near future are to be expected. To deal with this fact in a responsible way, proper proactive knowledge management is mandatory. We recommend medical staff to critically reflect reports in mass media due to possible sensationalism. Therefore, we propose a joint approach in combining the technical expertise of cyber security experts with clinical aspects of medical experts, to ensure a solid understanding of a newly published vulnerability. The combination of both communities promises to result in better predictions for patients’ risks from security vulnerabilities in implanted cardiac devices.
KW  - Cyber Security
KW  - Cardiac Implantable Devices
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00392-020-01621-0
VL  - Band 109, Supplement 1, April 2020
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Staacke, Robert
A1  - John, Roger
A1  - Wunderlich, Ralf
A1  - Horsthemke, Ludwig
A1  - Knolle, Wolfgang
A1  - Laube, Christian
A1  - Glösekötter, Peter
A1  - Burchard, Bernd
A1  - Abel, Bernd
A1  - Meijer, Jan
T1  - Isotropic Scalar Quantum Sensing of Magnetic Fields for Industrial Application
JF  - Advanced Quantum Technologies
N2  - Magnetic field sensors based on quantum mechanic effects are often
susceptible to misalignments of the magnetic field or need advanced
procedures to compensate for these. Also, the record breaking sensitivities reported for superconducting quantum interference devices and alkali vapor magnetometers come along with large and complex experimental setups. The nitrogen vacancy center in diamond can be used to design a simple, small, and robust sensor without employing microwave radiation. By using compressed nanodiamond particles, it is possible to eliminate the need of an alignment of the magnetic field and still obtain the absolute magnetic flux density in a single measurement. In order to demonstrate the capabilities of this approach, a centimeter-sized modified automotive demo board is employed as a complete sensor with a sensitivity of 78 µT/Wurzel Hz.
KW  - Isotropic Scalar
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qute.202000037
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
PB  - Wiley-Vch Verlag
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Löchte, Andre
A1  - Thranow, Jan-Ole
A1  - Gebing, Marcel
A1  - Horsthemke, Ludwig
A1  - Glösekötter, Peter
T1  - Forschungsprojekt Zink-Luft-Akkumulator an der FH Münster
JF  - VDI Ingenieur forum
N2  - Die wachsenden Anteile fluktuierender rege­nerativer Energien in der Energieversorgung (bis 2020 sollen 30 % und 2050 sogar So % des Stroms aus regenerativen Energiequellen stammen) sowie die Steigerung der Elektro­mobilität machen deutlich: Das Thema der Zwischenspeicherung elektrischer Energie ist von höchster gesellschaftlicher Relevanz und verlangt zwingend nach einer Lösung. Neue Technologien, die umweltfreundlich, sicher, leistungsfähig und bezahlbar zugleich sind, müssen deshalb entwickelt werden.
KW  - Zink-Luft-Akkumulator
Y1  - 2020
VL  - H 45620
IS  - 2/2020
SP  - 50
EP  - 51
ER  -