@article{BeckerAuerBarkmannetal.2018, author = {Becker, Inga and Auer, Matthias and Barkmann, Claus and Fuss, Johannes and M{\"o}ller, Birgit and Nieder, Timo O. and Fahrenkrug, Saskia and Hildebrandt, Thomas and Richter-Appelt, Hertha}, title = {A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study of Multidimensional Body Image in Adolescents and Adults with Gender Dysphoria Before and After Transition-Related Medical Interventions}, series = {Archives of sexual behavior}, volume = {47}, journal = {Archives of sexual behavior}, doi = {10.1007/s10508-018-1278-4}, pages = {2335 -- 2347}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Persistent feelings of gender dysphoria (GD) are accompanied by distress and body dissatisfaction in most clinically referred adolescents and adults. Transition-related medical interventions (e.g., puberty suppression, hormones, or surgery) may alleviate body dissatisfaction. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to compare multidimensional body image across clinically referred adolescents and adults undergoing different transition-related medical interventions. Two clinical samples of adolescents (n = 82) and adults (n = 120) referred to specialized departments of four different transgender health services in Germany participated in the study. In total, 202 individuals from the female-to-male (FtM individuals) and male-to-female (MtF individuals) spectrum aged 14-74 years were included at different stages of their transition. Four scales assessing multidimensional aspects of body image (measured by the Body Image Assessment Questionnaire, FBeK) were compared across three groups: sample, gender, and medical interventions (while controlling for age and treatment duration). The results indicated less favorable body image scores compared with the norm in both adolescents and adults with GD. Individuals who had undergone transition-related medical interventions presented a significantly better body image on two of the four scales. Differences according to gender and age were also present. These findings suggest that medical interventions, especially gender-affirming hormones and surgery, are generally beneficial to the body image in individuals with GD. However, not all of the less favorable outcomes in multidimensional body image were positively influenced by the treatment conditions and may thus benefit from additional integrative counseling before and during transition.}, subject = {Adolescent}, language = {en} } @article{BeckerGjergjiLamaRomeretal.2014, author = {Becker, Inga and Gjergji-Lama, Voltisa and Romer, Georg and M{\"o}ller, Birgit}, title = {Merkmale von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Geschlechtsdysphorie in der Hamburger Spezialsprechstunde}, series = {Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie}, volume = {63}, journal = {Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie}, issn = {0032-7034}, pages = {486 -- 509}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Given the increasing demand for counselling in gender dysphoria in childhood in Germany, there is a definite need for empirical data on characteristics and developmental trajectories of this clinical group. This study aimed to provide a first overview by assessing demographic characteristics and developmental trajectories of a group of gender variant boys and girls referred to the specialised Gender Identity Clinic in Hamburg. Data were extracted from medical charts, transcribed and analysed using qualitative content analysis methods. Categories were set up by inductive-deductive reasoning based on the patients' parents' and clinicians' information in the files. Between 2006 and 2010, 45 gender variant children and adolescents were seen by clinicians; 88.9\% (n = 40) of these were diagnosed with gender identity disorder (ICD-10). Within this group, the referral rates for girls were higher than for boys (1:1.5). Gender dysphoric girls were on average older than the boys and a higher percentage of girls was referred to the clinic at the beginning of adolescence (> 12 years of age). At the same time, more girls reported an early onset age. More girls made statements about their (same-sex) sexual orientation during adolescence and wishes for gender confirming medical interventions. More girls than boys revealed self-mutilation in the past or present as well as suicidal thoughts and/or attempts. Results indicate that the presentation of clinically referred gender dysphoric girls differs from the characteristics boys present in Germany; especially with respect to the most salient age differences. Therefore, these two groups require different awareness and individual treatment approaches.}, subject = {Adolescent}, language = {de} } @article{BeierleinBultmannMoelleretal.2017, author = {Beierlein, Volker and Bultmann, Johanna Christine and M{\"o}ller, Birgit and Klitzing, Kai and Flechtner, Hans-Henning and Resch, Franz and Herzog, Wolfgang and Br{\"a}hler, Elmar and F{\"u}hrer, Daniel and Romer, Georg and Koch, Uwe and Bergelt, Corinna}, title = {Measuring family functioning in families with parental cancer: Reliability and validity of the German adaptation of the Family Assessment Device (FAD)}, series = {Journal of psychosomatic research}, volume = {93}, journal = {Journal of psychosomatic research}, doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychores.2016.11.007}, pages = {110 -- 117}, year = {2017}, abstract = {OBJECTIVE The concept of family functioning is gaining importance in psycho-oncology research and health care services. The Family Assessment Device (FAD) is a well-established measure of family functioning. Psychometric properties inherent in the German 51-item adaptation of the FAD are examined in different samples of families with parental cancer. METHODS Acceptance, reliability, and validity of FAD scales are analysed in samples from different study settings (N=1701 cancer patients, N=261 partners, N=158 dependent adolescent children 11 to 18years old). RESULTS Missing items in the FAD scales (acceptance) are rare for adults (<1.1\%) and adolescent children (<4.4\%). In samples of adults and older adolescents (15 to 18years), all FAD scales except for the Roles scale are significantly reliable (0.75≤Cronbach's α≤0.88). The scales correlate highly (0.46≤Pearson's r≤0.59) with the criterion satisfaction with family life (convergent validity), and have smaller correlations (0.16≤r≤0.49) with measures of emotional distress and subjective well-being (divergent validity). In most FAD scales, adults seeking family counselling report worse family functioning (0.24≤Cohen's d≤0.59) than adults in other samples with parental cancer (discriminative validity). CONCLUSION Overall, the German 51-item adaptation of the FAD reveals good acceptance, reliability, and validity for cancer patients and their relatives. Particularly the scale General Functioning shows excellent psychometric properties. The FAD is suitable in the assessment of families with parental cancer for adults and adolescents older than 11years.}, subject = {Adolescent}, language = {en} } @article{BergeltErnstBeierleinetal.2012, author = {Bergelt, Corinna and Ernst, Johanna Christine and Beierlein, Volker and Inhestern, Laura and Holes, Sarah and M{\"o}ller, Birgit and Romer, Georg and Koch, Uwe}, title = {Reaktive Ver{\"a}nderungen in Befinden und Verhalten von Kindern bei elterlicher Krebserkrankung--Ergebnisse einer epidemiologischen Patientenbefragung}, series = {Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie}, volume = {61}, journal = {Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie}, issn = {0032-7034}, doi = {10.13109/prkk.2012.61.6.378}, pages = {378 -- 395}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Children of cancer patients are at risk for developing psychological symptoms. The parental appraisal of the child's psychological condition is a key variable for the utilization of child-centred psychosocial services. This study aimed at the systematic analysis of parental appraisals of changes in the emotional condition or behaviour of their children. We conducted an epidemiologic survey with a sample size of 1,809 patients with different cancer diagnoses, giving information about 2,581 children aged 21 years or younger at time of diagnosis. Quantitative information on children's distress during the disease and on changes in psychological condition or behaviour and qualitative information on the kind of changes were analysed. About half of the children were considered to be psychologically strongly affected during the disease. For about 25 \% negative changes in psychological condition or behaviour are reported, positive changes are reported for 20 \% of the children. Negative changes are most frequently described in young children (up to five years), positive changes are most frequently described in young adults (18 to 21 years). The results indicate that from the cancer parent's view many children are substantially distressed. Thus, the implementation of additional preventive psychosocial services seems reasonable and necessary.}, subject = {Adolescent}, language = {de} } @article{BultmannBeierleinRomeretal.2014, author = {Bultmann, Johanna Christine and Beierlein, Volker and Romer, Georg and M{\"o}ller, Birgit and Koch, Uwe and Bergelt, Corinna}, title = {Parental cancer: Health-related quality of life and current psychosocial support needs of cancer survivors and their children}, series = {International journal of cancer}, volume = {135}, journal = {International journal of cancer}, doi = {10.1002/ijc.28905}, pages = {2668 -- 2677}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The presence of cancer and additional parental responsibilities can increase strain for individual patients as well as for their children. The construct of health-related quality of life (HRQL) is appropriate to measure a combination of physical, mental and social consequences as a result of disease. However, previous research has merely focused on symptom checklists. This study addresses the following questions: (i) does HRQL in children and their parents with cancer differ compared to the general population? (ii) Are there any variables that are associated with HRQL in children? (iii) What are current psychosocial support needs? A population-based survey of 976 survivors (<6 years post diagnosis) with minor children between 6 and 18 years (n = 1,449) was conducted with two German cancer registries. HRQL was assessed using SF-8 (survivors) and Kidscreen (children). The results were compared to normative populations, and predictors associated with HRQL in children were evaluated within a multilevel model. We found that the HRQL in children was better compared to the norm. Only children with support needs had worse HRQL. Older age, having a mother with cancer, having a parent not living together with a partner, and worse parental physical and mental health influenced HRQL in children. Illness characteristics were irrelevant. Even with a mean of 3.5 years after diagnosis, survivors had lower physical and mental health compared to the norm. Our findings reinforce the need for health professionals to pay attention to younger patients and their children. Even years after diagnosis, life might not have returned to normal.}, subject = {Adolescent}, language = {en} } @article{ErnstBeierleinRomeretal.2012, author = {Ernst, J. C. and Beierlein, V. and Romer, G. and M{\"o}ller, B. and Koch, U. and Bergelt, C.}, title = {Krebskranke Eltern und ihre minderj{\"a}hrigen Kinder - eine bundesweite Befragung ambulanter psychosozialer Krebsberatungsstellen zu Bedarf und Inanspruchnahme}, series = {Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband der Arzte des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany))}, volume = {74}, journal = {Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband der Arzte des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany))}, doi = {10.1055/s-0032-1329953}, pages = {742 -- 746}, year = {2012}, abstract = {OBJECTIVES Children of cancer patients have an increased risk for developing emotional problems. While psychosocial cancer counselling services are available all over the country, it is unclear if parents seek for help and if specific approaches for families are offered. METHODS A survey was made of outpatient cancer counselling services in Germany (n=228). The response rate was 56\%. Descriptive and content analyses of the data have been used. RESULTS Providers estimate that 55\% of their patients are between 18 and 55 years with 18\% of them having minor children. However, only 53\% do regularly ask their patients if they have minor children. Family- or child-settings are not provided regularly. Over 60\% of providers would welcome special courses on this subject. CONCLUSION Although psychosocial care of minor children is mentioned in outpatient psychosocial cancer counselling guidelines, children are not included regularly. A stronger emphasis on this topic in further education has to be made.}, subject = {Adolescent}, language = {de} } @article{ErnstBeierleinRomeretal.2013, author = {Ernst, Johanna Christine and Beierlein, Volker and Romer, Georg and M{\"o}ller, Birgit and Koch, Uwe and Bergelt, Corinna}, title = {Use and need for psychosocial support in cancer patients: a population-based sample of patients with minor children}, series = {Cancer}, volume = {119}, journal = {Cancer}, doi = {10.1002/cncr.28021}, pages = {2333 -- 2341}, year = {2013}, abstract = {BACKGROUND Cancer patients and their minor children have been shown to experience psychological distress. The objectives of the current study were to 1) describe the need for and use of psychosocial support and 2) determine predictors of family-centered support use in patients with minor children. METHODS A population-based sample of 1809 patients was recruited via 2 cancer registries. The eligibility criteria were age 25 years to 55 years, an initial diagnosis received no longer than 6 years before this survey, and having at least 1 minor child. Medical characteristics and self-report measures were used. RESULTS Overall, approximately 38\% cases were identified as being borderline or probable anxiety cases and 16\% were identified as being borderline or probable depression cases. Since diagnosis, 44\% of the patients had used psychosocial support and 9\% had received family-focused and child-focused support. These patients perceived a lower quality of life and poorer family functioning. Approximately 73\% of patients with children wanted information concerning or psychosocial services to support their children or parenting. Use of family-centered support was not found to be predicted by disease-related factors (eg, cancer staging) but rather by subjective needs (eg, mental health and having a distressed child in the family). CONCLUSIONS The results of the current study emphasize the importance of child and parenting concerns in psychosocial care in oncology. Screenings for children and appropriate training programs for health care may increase awareness of this issue.}, subject = {Adult}, language = {en} } @article{ErnstBeierleinRomeretal.2011, author = {Ernst, Johanna Christine and Beierlein, Volker and Romer, Georg and M{\"o}ller, Birgit and Koch, Uwe and Bergelt, Corinna}, title = {Psychosoziale Versorgung von Kindern mit einem an Krebs erkrankten Elternteil - Eine Bestandsaufnahme spezifischer Versorgungsangebote in Deutschland}, series = {Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, medizinische Psychologie}, volume = {61}, journal = {Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, medizinische Psychologie}, doi = {10.1055/s-0031-1286303}, pages = {426 -- 434}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Children of a parent having cancer are at greater risk to develop mental health problems. Aim is to investigate specific psychosocial care for children having a parent with cancer, as well as to characterize and assess utilization and needs of affected minor children. Employees of institutions in Germany supplying psychosocial care to families with a parent having cancer were surveyed, using a semi-structured interview (n = 29). Specific psychosocial care for affected children is limited and heterogeneous in Germany. Regarding different distress stages of those families, the situation could be interpreted as eligible. However, this primarily reflects the low quality assurance of care. Results suggest that in addition to preventive care needs of children having a parent with cancer, increased needs exist in specific risk constellations, like in single parent families.}, subject = {Adult}, language = {de} } @article{InhesternBeierleinBultmannetal.2017, author = {Inhestern, Laura and Beierlein, Volker and Bultmann, Johanna Christine and M{\"o}ller, Birgit and Romer, Georg and Koch, Uwe and Bergelt, Corinna}, title = {Anxiety and depression in working-age cancer survivors: a register-based study}, series = {BMC cancer}, volume = {17}, journal = {BMC cancer}, doi = {10.1186/s12885-017-3347-9}, pages = {347}, year = {2017}, abstract = {BACKGROUND Anxiety and depression can be a long-term strain in cancer survivors. Little is known about the emotional situation of cancer survivors who have to deal with work- and family-related issues. The purpose of this study was to investigate anxiety and depression in working-age cancer survivors and associated factors. METHODS A register-based sample of 3370 cancer survivors (25 to 55 years at time of diagnosis) diagnosed up to six years prior to the survey was recruited from two German cancer registries. Demographic and medical characteristics as well as self-reported measures were used. RESULTS Overall, approximately 40\% of the survivors reported moderate to high anxiety scores and approximately 20\% reported moderate to high depression scores. Compared to the general population, working-age cancer survivors were more anxious but less depressed (p < .001). Subgroups with regard to time since diagnosis did not differ in anxiety or depression. Anxiety and depression in cancer survivors were associated with various variables. Better social support, family functioning and physical health were associated with lower anxiety and depression. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we found higher anxiety levels in cancer survivors of working-age than in the general population. A considerable portion of cancer survivors reported moderate to high levels of anxiety and depression. The results indicate the need for psychosocial screening and psycho-oncological support e.g. in survivorship programs for working-age cancer survivors. Assessing the physical health, social support and family background might help to identify survivors at risk for higher emotional distress.}, subject = {Adaptation}, language = {en} } @article{InhesternBultmannBeierleinetal.2016, author = {Inhestern, Laura and Bultmann, Johanna C. and Beierlein, Volker and M{\"o}ller, Birgit and Romer, Georg and Muriel, Anna C. and Moore, Cynthia W. and Koch, Uwe and Bergelt, Corinna}, title = {Psychometric properties of the Parenting Concerns Questionnaire in cancer survivors with minor and young adult children}, series = {Psycho-oncology}, volume = {25}, journal = {Psycho-oncology}, doi = {10.1002/pon.4049}, pages = {1092 -- 1098}, year = {2016}, abstract = {OBJECTIVE Although cancer patients with minor children have become more of a focus of psycho-oncological research, little is known about specific parenting concerns. Instruments to assess the concerns and worries of parents with cancer are rare. The Parenting Concerns Questionnaire (PCQ) addresses this issue. We analyzed parenting concerns in cancer survivors and evaluated the German version of the PCQ. METHODS A total of 1416 cancer survivors with minor and young adult children (≤21 years) were recruited in a register-based study. Descriptive analyses as well as reliability and validity analyses were conducted. We performed a confirmatory factorial analysis of the factor structure proposed by the authors of the original version on the PCQ. RESULTS Seventy-three percent of the cancer survivors were women, average age was 47.5 years (SD 5.9). Mean time since diagnosis was 44 months (SD 23.4). Between 18 and 31\% of survivors reported that they were concerned about their children. The PCQ proved to be a reliable and valid instrument showing medium correlations with standardized measures in expected directions and discriminating between survivors with and without use of psychosocial support services. The factor structure was supported by the confirmatory factorial analysis. CONCLUSIONS Assessing parenting concerns gives an additional insight into the situation of parents with cancer. In our sample of cancer survivors, we identified one out of three survivors being concerned regarding the impact of their illness on their children. The PCQ can be considered as a valid and reliable instrument with regard to identifying concerned parents with cancer. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.}, subject = {Adult}, language = {en} }