@article{KoederHahnEnglert2021,
  author    = {Koeder, Christian and Hahn, Andreas and Englert, Heike},
  title     = {Is fruit intake associated with common carotid intima-media thickness?},
  series = {European Journal of Public Health},
  journal   = {European Journal of Public Health},
  doi       = {10.1093/eurpub/ckab165.391},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Background Common carotid intima-media thickness (ccIMT) is an established risk marker for cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction and stroke, which are of high public health relevance. While a higher fruit intake is generally considered beneficial for cardiovascular health, recent studies have shown that a fruit intake of > 2 portions per day may be harmful. Therefore, we tested if there is an association between categories of fruit intake and mean ccIMT. Methods We conducted an exploratory, non-prespecified, cross-sectional analysis of baseline values of 167 mostly middle-aged participants of a controlled lifestyle intervention, recruited from the general population in rural northwest Germany (male: n = 58; female: n = 109). Fruit intake was classified into low (<1 portion of fruit/day), intermediate (1-2 portions of fruit/day), and high (>2 portions of fruit/day). Mean ccIMT was measured in accordance with the Mannheim consensus. Between-group differences in mean ccIMT were assessed with analysis of covariance. Results Mean age was 57.3 ± 0.7 years (mean ± SEM). Mean fruit intake was 1.6 ± 0.1 portions/day. Average mean ccIMT was 0.679 ± 0.010 mm. There was a significant difference in mean ccIMT between subjects with low (0.676 ± 0.020 mm; n = 50), intermediate (0.653 ± 0.014 mm; n = 72), and high fruit intake (0.724 ± 0.019 mm; n = 45; p = 0.016). But this difference was attenuated when adjusting for age, sex, and homocysteine (p = 0.418). Conclusions We found only a non-significant association between consuming >2 portions of fruit per day and ccIMT. Thus, our study could not confirm a negative effect of fruit intake on ccIMT. Age, sex, and homocysteine may confound this association. Key messages Current recommendations of 2 portions of fruit per day seem adequate and do not negatively influence carotid intima-media thickness. Future studies should address confounding of the association between fruit intake and cardiovascular risk markers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MuellerNordhornEnglertWegscheideretal.2010,
  author    = {M{\"u}ller-Nordhorn, J. and Englert, Heike and Wegscheider, K. and Berger, H. and Sonntag, F. and V{\"o}ller, H. and Meyer-Sabellek, W. and Windler, E. and Katus, H. and Willich, S.},
  title     = {Is patient self-report an adequate tool for monitoring cardiovascular conditions in patients with hypercholesterolemia? - Results of the ORBITAL Study},
  series = {J Public Health (Oxf)},
  volume    = {32},
  journal   = {J Public Health (Oxf)},
  number    = {3},
  issn      = {1741-3850},
  pages     = {387 -- 394},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MuellerNordhornEnglertWegscheideretal.2008,
  author    = {M{\"u}ller-Nordhorn, J. and Englert, Heike and Wegscheider, K. and Berger, H. and Sonntag, F. and V{\"o}ller, H. and Meyer-Sabellek, W. and Reinhold, T. and Windler, E. and Katus, HA. and Willich, SN.},
  title     = {Productivity loss as a major component of disease-related costs in patients with hypercholesterolemia in Germany},
  series = {Clin Res Cardiol},
  volume    = {97},
  journal   = {Clin Res Cardiol},
  issn      = {1861-0692},
  pages     = {152-9 -- -},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KoederHahnEnglert2021,
  author    = {Koeder, Christian and Hahn, Andreas and Englert, Heike},
  title     = {Effect of a 6-Month Controlled Lifestyle Intervention on Common Carotid Intima-Media Thickness},
  series = {The journal of nutrition, health \& aging},
  journal   = {The journal of nutrition, health \& aging},
  doi       = {10.1007/s12603-021-1628-0},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Koeder2021,
  author    = {Koeder, Christian},
  title     = {Understanding the situation of vegans},
  series = {Eating and Weight Disorders},
  journal   = {Eating and Weight Disorders},
  doi       = {10.1007/s40519-021-01127-2},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KoederHusainKranzetal.2022,
  author    = {Koeder, Christian and Husain, Sarah and Kranz, Ragna-Marie and Anand, Corinna and Alzughayyar, Dima and Schoch, Nora and Hahn, Andrea and Englert, Heike},
  title     = {Healthy lifestyle changes favourably affect common carotid intima-media thickness: the Healthy Lifestyle Community Programme (cohort 2)},
  series = {Journal of Nutritional Science},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Journal of Nutritional Science},
  doi       = {10.1017/jns.2022.46},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Common carotid intima-media thickness (ccIMT) progression is a risk marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD), whereas healthy lifestyle habits are associated with lower ccIMT. The objective of the present study was to test whether a healthy lifestyle intervention can beneficially affect ccIMT progression. A community-based non-randomised, controlled lifestyle intervention was conducted, focusing on a predominantly plant-based diet (strongest emphasis), physical activity, stress management and social health. Assessments of ccIMT were made at baseline, 6 months and 1 year. Participants had an average age of 57 years and were recruited from the general population in rural northwest Germany (intervention: n 114; control: n 87). From baseline to 1 year, mean ccIMT significantly increased in both the intervention (0⋅026 [95 \% CI 0⋅012, 0⋅039] mm) and control group (0⋅045 [95 \% CI 0⋅033, 0⋅056] mm). The 1-year trajectory of mean ccIMT was lower in the intervention group (P = 0⋅022; adjusted for baseline). In a subgroup analysis with participants with high baseline mean ccIMT (≥0⋅800 mm), mean ccIMT non-significantly decreased in the intervention group (-0⋅016 [95 \% CI -0⋅050, 0⋅017] mm; n 18) and significantly increased in the control group (0⋅065 [95 \% CI 0⋅033, 0⋅096] mm; n 12). In the subgroup, the 1-year trajectory of mean ccIMT was significantly lower in the intervention group (between-group difference: -0⋅051 [95 \% CI -0⋅075, -0⋅027] mm; P < 0⋅001; adjusted for baseline). The results indicate that healthy lifestyle changes may beneficially affect ccIMT within 1 year, particularly if baseline ccIMT is high.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WillichEnglertSonntagetal.2009,
  author    = {Willich, S. N. and Englert, Heike and Sonntag, F. and V{\"o}ller, H. and Meyer-Sabellek, W. and Wegscheider, K. and Windler, E. and Katus, H. A. and M{\"u}ller-Nordhorn, J.},
  title     = {Impact of a compliance program on cholesterol control: results of the randomized ORBITAL study in 8108 patients treated with rosuvastatin},
  series = {Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil},
  volume    = {16},
  journal   = {Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil},
  pages     = {180 -- 187},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {Abstract This study extends previous research evaluating the association between the CHIP intervention, change in body weight, and change in psychological health. A randomized controlled health intervention study lasting 4 wk. was used with 348 participants from metropolitan Rockford, Illinois; ages ranged from 24 to 81 yr. Participants were assessed at baseline, 6 wk., and 6 mo. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and three selected psychosocial measures from the SF-36 Health Survey were used. Significantly greater decreases in Body Mass Index (BMI) occurred after 6 wk. and 6 mo. follow-up for the intervention group compared with the control group, with greater decreases for participants in the overweight and obese categories. Significantly greater improvements were observed in BDI scores, role-emotional and social functioning, and mental health throughout follow-up for the intervention group. The greater the decrease in BMI through 6 wk., the better the chance of improved BDI score, role-emotional score, social functioning score, and mental health score, with odds ratios of 1.3 to 1.9. Similar results occurred through 6 mo., except the mental health variable became nonsignificant. These results indicate that the CHIP intervention significantly improved psychological health for at least six months afterwards, in part through its influence on lowering BMI.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KoederKranzAnandetal.2021,
  author    = {Koeder, Christian and Kranz, Ragna-Marie and Anand, Corinna and Husain, Sarah and Alzughayyar, Dima and Schoch, Nora and Hahn, Andreas and Englert, Heike},
  title     = {Effect of a 1-year controlled lifestyle intervention on body weight and other risk markers (the Healthy Lifestyle Community Programme, cohort 2)},
  series = {Obesity Facts},
  journal   = {Obesity Facts},
  doi       = {10.1159/000521164},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MuellerNordhornEnglertWegscheideretal.2008,
  author    = {M{\"u}ller-Nordhorn, J. and Englert, Heike and Wegscheider, K. and Berger, H. and Sonntag, F. and V{\"o}ller, H. and Meyer-Sabellek, W. and Reinhold, T. and Windler, E. and Katus, HA. and Willich, SN.},
  title     = {Effect of an adherence-enhancing program on health-related quality of life in patients with hypercholesterolemia},
  series = {Eur J Integrative Med},
  volume    = {1},
  journal   = {Eur J Integrative Med},
  number    = {1},
  issn      = {1876-3820},
  pages     = {24 -- -},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MuellerNordhornEnglertSonntagetal.2004,
  author    = {M{\"u}ller-Nordhorn, J. and Englert, Heike and Sonntag, F. and V{\"o}ller, H. and Windler, E. and Meyer-Sabellek, W. and Katus, H. and Wegscheider, K. and Willich, SN.},
  title     = {Disease-related costs in patients with hypercholesterolemia},
  series = {J Epi Community Health},
  volume    = {58 (Suppl.)},
  journal   = {J Epi Community Health},
  issn      = {0143-005X},
  pages     = {20 -- -},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}