@book{Englert2012,
  author    = {Englert, Heike},
  title     = {Lass los was dich dick macht},
  publisher = {GU-Verlag},
  isbn      = {978-3-8338-2655-9},
  publisher      = {FH M{\"u}nster - University of Applied Sciences},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{EnglertDiehlGreenlawetal.2012,
  author    = {Englert, Heike and Diehl, H. and Greenlaw, R. and Aldana, S.},
  title     = {The Effects of Lifestyle Modification on Glycemic Levels and Medication Intake:The Rockford CHIP},
  series = {Dr. Oreste Capelli, Primary Care at a Glance - Hot Topics and New Insights},
  booktitle = {Dr. Oreste Capelli, Primary Care at a Glance - Hot Topics and New Insights},
  publisher = {InTech},
  address   = {Rijeka, Rum{\"a}nien},
  isbn      = {979-953-307-556-2},
  doi       = {10.25974/fhms-571},
  pages     = {323 -- 336},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Introduction: The high prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the past 50 years has led to intense research, resulting in many improvements in treatment. At the same time, type 2 diabetes, with its concomitant increase in vascular complications, has become a serious, exploding and costly public health concern . Diabetes now affects 285 million adults worldwide and 344 million with pre-diabetes. Of these, 25.8 million diabetics and 79 million pre-diabetics are found in the United States alone.The current cost of diabetes in the US is likely to exceed the \$174 billion estimate, which includes 2/3 for direct medical costs and 1/3 for indirect costs, such as disability, work loss, and premature death, but omits the social cost of intangibles (e.g. pain, suffering, lower quality of life). The diabetes epidemic has been accompanied by a similarly drastic increase in obesity. Although the relationship between the two developments is a matter of debate, both are presumably caused by changes in dietary habits and an increasingly sedentary modern lifestyle . Compelling evidence has shown that lifestyle changes can effectively prevent or delay the occurrence of type 2 diabetes. Because individuals at risk for this disease can usually be identified during the pre-diabetic phase of impaired glucose tolerance, early intervention and lifestyle change offer a logical approach to preventing this disease and its devastating vascular complications. Additionally, community-based lifestyle interventions for high risk groups and for the general population are a cost-effective way of curbing the growing burden of the disease. Solidifying the scientific basis for the prevention, treatment and control of this disease and its implementation on a national level, however, remains a difficult challenge. Moreresearch is needed to provide comprehensive and more effective strategies for weight-loss,especially over time. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to identify diabetics and those at risk (prediabetics) out of the total cohort of 1,517 who selected themselves into an intensive community-based lifestyle intervention program, and to assess its clinical efficacy ineffecting medication status as determined and managed by their personal physicians.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{NkengfakTorimiroNkongangetal.2012,
  author    = {Nkengfak, G. and Torimiro, J. and Nkongang, N. and Englert, Heike},
  title     = {A review: Effects of antioxidants on CD4 and viral load in HIV-infected women in sub-Saharan Africa - dietary supplements vs. local diet.},
  series = {International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research},
  volume    = {82},
  journal   = {International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research},
  issn      = {0300-9831},
  pages     = {63 -- 72},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Abstract In sub-Sahara Africa, micronutrient deficiency, especially of antioxidant micronutrients including vitamins A, C, and E, beta-carotene, selenium, zinc, and polyphenols is very common in HIV-positive patients. Amongst adults, women are the most vulnerable. Antioxidants are known to play a vital role in the immune system, reducing oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is induced by excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), due to the HIV infection. Such damage may be prevented or moderated through adequate oral intake of antioxidants, scavenging ROS, as well as protecting cells and tissues against oxidative stress. Antioxidants can be provided to the body through locally available antioxidant rich-diets such as fruit-and-vegetable-based diets and/or dietary supplements. Provision of antioxidants through local diets or dietary supplements exercise beneficial effects on biological markers of the immune system (CD4 and viral load). However, while dietary supplements represent a costly and short-term strategy to limiting antioxidant deficiency, local diets, combined with adequate nutritional education, can provide a low-cost and long-term strategy to reduce oxidative stress, prevent micronutrient deficiency, and slow down HIV disease progression. The former can be applicable in countries around the West, Central, and South coast of Africa, which are rich in natural food resources. In contrast with significant evidence that dietary supplements confer benefits in HIV patients, fewer data are available relating to the benefits of local diets. Thus the need to do more research in this area arises. This review compares available data on effects of antioxidants on CD4 and viral load in HIV-positive women noneligible for antiretroviral therapy. Intake of antioxidants though dietary supplements and local diet, associated with nutritional education, is compared. Studies conducted in sub-Sahara Africa are considered.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{NkengkfackEnglertCzech2012,
  author    = {Nkengkfack, Germaine and Englert, Heike and Czech, Marion},
  title     = {Einfluss eines HIV-Care-Programms auf den Ern{\"a}hrungsstatus von HIV- infizierten Patienten in Kamerun},
  series = {Zusammenfassung DGE-Kongress, 2012},
  booktitle = {Zusammenfassung DGE-Kongress, 2012},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Einfluss eines HIV-Care-Programms auf den Ern{\"a}hrungsstatus von HIV- infizierten Patienten in Kamerun B. Sc. Marion Czech, G. Nkengkfack, H. Englert, Oerlinghausen Zusammenfassung Weltweit sind {\"u}ber 33,3 Millionen Menschen mit dem HI-Virus infiziert (vgl. WHO, 2009). Die Subsahara z{\"a}hlt mit 24,5 Millionen Infizierten zu den L{\"a}ndern mit der gr{\"o}ßten HIV-Rate. Allein in Kamerun sind ca. 5,5 prozent der Bev{\"o}lkerung betroffen (vgl. UNAIDS, 2007). Die Ern{\"a}hrung kann hierbei den Krankheitsverlauf positiv beeinflussen und somit das Auftreten der charakteristischen Symptome von Aids sowie den Beginn der teuren antiretroviralen Therapie verz{\"o}gern (vgl. Eckert, 2006, Immel, 2006). Durch zahlreiche Faktoren der HIV- Infektion ist bei 20-30 prozent der Patienten bereits in der asymptomatischen Phase der Infektion eine Mangelern{\"a}hrung zu beobachten. Neben dem Absinken des K{\"o}rpergewichtes kommt es h{\"a}ufig zu einem reduziertem Plasmavitaminspiegel Proteinmangel sowie zu vermehrtem oxidativen Stress (vgl. Biesalski,F{\"u}rst, Kasper et. al., 1995, S. 417). Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es die Auswirkungen eines HIV- Care- Programmes auf den Ern{\"a}hrungszustand von HIV- Infizierten Personen in Kamerun im Vergleich zu einer Kontrollgruppe darzulegen. Daf{\"u}r erfolgt eine Messung des Ern{\"a}hrungszustands vor Beginn des HIV- Care- Programmes, sowie nach drei- monatiger Durchf{\"u}hrung des Programmes. Parallel finden diese Erhebungen auch bei den Patienten der Kontrollgruppe statt. F{\"u}r die Erfassung des Body- Mass. Index werden Daten von 30 Patienten der Interventionsgruppe vor Beginn und nach 3- monatiger Durchf{\"u}hrung des HIV- Care- Programmes miteinander verglichen. Anhand eines 3- Tage- Protokolls werden von 31 Patienten der Interventionsgruppe, sowie von 31 Patienten der Kontrollgruppe jeweils vor Beginn der Schulungen und nach drei Monaten der Durchf{\"u}hrung die Parameter Gesamtenergiezufuhr und Zufuhr der Antioxidantien Vitamin A, C, E, sowie Zink miteinander verglichen. Parallel erfolgt von diesen je 31 Patienten je Gruppe auch die Beurteilung der Verzehrsh{\"a}ufigkeit einzelner Lebensmittelgruppen anhand eines Food Frequency Questionnaires. Der Body- Mass. Index von den 30 Personen der Interventionsgruppe verringerte sich zwischen T0 und T1 nur minimal um 0,33. Bei der Auswertung des 3- Tage- Protokolles zeigte sich eine Erh{\"o}hung der Zufuhr der Antioxidantien. Die Vitamine A und C wurden nach drei- monatiger Durchf{\"u}hrung des HIV- Care Programms in h{\"o}heren Mengen zu sich genommen, w{\"a}hrend sich die Aufnahme dieser Mikron{\"a}hrstoffe innerhalb der Kontrollgruppe nicht in gr{\"o}ßerem Ausmaß ver{\"a}nderte. Hinsichtlich der Verzehrsh{\"a}ufigkeit l{\"a}sst sich nach drei Monaten.},
  language  = {de}
}