@article{KlemmWiese2022, author = {Klemm, Christian and Wiese, Frauke}, title = {Indicators for the optimization of sustainable urban energy systems based on energy system modeling}, series = {Energy, Sustainability and Society}, volume = {12}, journal = {Energy, Sustainability and Society}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, doi = {10.25974/fhms-14513}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-145136}, pages = {1 -- 20}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Background: Urban energy systems are responsible for 75 \% of the world's energy consumption and for 70 \% of the worldwide greenhouse gas emissions. Energy system models are used to optimize, benchmark and compare such energy systems with the help of energy sustainability indicators. We discuss several indicators for their basic suitability and their response to changing boundary conditions, system structures and reference values. The most suitable parameters are applied to four different supply scenarios of a real-world urban energy system. Results: There is a number of energy sustainability indicators, but not all of them are suitable for the use in urban energy system optimization models. Shortcomings originate from the omission of upstream energy supply chains (secondary energy efficiency), from limited capabilities to compare small energy systems (energy productivity), from excessive accounting expense (regeneration rate), from unsuitable accounting methods (primary energy efficiency), from a questionable impact of some indicators on the overall system sustainability (self-sufficiency), from the lack of detailed information content (share of renewables), and more. On the other hand, indicators of absolute greenhouse gas emissions, energy costs, and final energy demand are well suitable for the use in optimization models. However, each of these indicators only represents partial aspects of energy sustainability; the use of only one indicator in the optimization process increases the risk that other important aspects will deteriorate significantly, eventually leading to suboptimal or even unrealistic scenarios in practice. Therefore, multi-criteria approaches should be used to enable a more holistic optimization and planning of sustainable urban energy systems. Conclusion: We recommend multi-criteria optimization approaches using the indicators of absolute greenhouse gas emissions, absolute energy costs, and absolute energy demand. For benchmarking and comparison purposes, specific indicators should be used and therefore related to the final energy demand, respectively the number of inhabitants. Our example scenarios demonstrate modeling strategies to optimize sustainability of urban energy systems.}, language = {en} } @article{HoernschemeyerSoefkerRienietsNiestenetal.2022, author = {H{\"o}rnschemeyer, Birgitta and S{\"o}fker-Rieniets, Anne and Niesten, Jan and Arendt, Rosalie and Kleckers, Jonas and Klemm, Christian and Stretz, Celestin Julian and Reicher, Christa and Grimsehl-Schmitz, Winona and Wirbals, Daniel and Bach, Vanessa and Finkbeiner, Matthias and Haberkamp, Jens and Budde, Janik and Vennemann, Peter and Walter, Gotthard and Flamme, Sabine and Uhl, Mathias}, title = {The ResourcePlan — An Instrument for Resource-Efficient Development of Urban Neighborhoods}, series = {Sustainability}, volume = {14}, journal = {Sustainability}, number = {3}, publisher = {MDPI}, doi = {10.25974/fhms-14854}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-148545}, year = {2022}, abstract = {In Germany, the current sectoral urban planning often leads to inefficient use of resources, partly because municipalities lack integrated planning instruments and argumentation strength toward politics, investors, or citizens. The paper develops the ResourcePlan as (i) legal and (ii) a planning instrument to support the efficient use of resources in urban neighborhoods. The integrative, multi-methodological approach addresses the use of natural resources in the building and infrastructural sectors of (i) water (storm- and wastewater) management, (ii) construction and maintenance of buildings and infrastructure, (iii) urban energy system planning, and (iv) land-use planning. First, the development as legal instrument is carried out, providing (i) premises for integrating resource protection at all legal levels and (ii) options for implementing the ResourcePlan within German municipal structures. Second, the evaluation framework for resource efficiency of the urban neighborhoods is set up for usage as a planning instrument. The framework provides a two-stage process that runs through the phases of setting up and implementing the ResourcePlan. (Eco)system services are evaluated as well as life cycle assessment and economic aspects. As a legal instrument, the ResourcePlan integrates resource protection into municipal planning and decision-making processes. The multi-methodological evaluation framework helps to assess inter-disciplinary resource efficiency, supports the spatial identification of synergies and conflicting goals, and contributes to transparent, resource-optimized planning decisions.}, language = {de} } @techreport{AranzabalBaumannGaballanesetal.2022, author = {Aranzabal, Oier and Baumann, Birgit and Gaballanes, Imanol and Kristiansen, Rolf Aslaksrud and Kr{\"u}ger, Marc and Schrader, Len and Stallmeier, Nils and Wiedemann, Lisa and Zatika, Enekoitz}, title = {Umsetzung von problembasiertem Lernen in der beruflichen Bildung. Handbuch f{\"u}r Lehrende von Lehrenden}, publisher = {FH M{\"u}nster}, address = {M{\"u}nster}, doi = {10.25974/fhms-14976}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-149769}, pages = {64}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Das vorliegende Handbuch ist im Rahmen des EU-Projektes "Energyducation" (F{\"o}rderkennzeichen KA2 2018-1-ES01-KA202-050327) entstanden und von Berufsp{\"a}dagogen, {\"u}berwiegend praktizierenden Berufsschullehrerinnen und -lehrern, aus Deutschland (Institut f{\"u}r Berufliche Lehrerbildung an der FH M{\"u}nster), den Niederlanden (Alfa-college in Groningen), Norwegen (NTI-MMM AS in Oslo) und Spanien (CIFP USURBIL LHII in Usurbil) verfasst worden. Vorlage war eine englische Fassung die umfangreich {\"u}berarbeitet und im Hinblick auf die im deutschen Sprachraum vorherrschenden Begrifflichkeiten und Konzepte hin gesch{\"a}rft wurde. Es dokumentiert die mit dem projektbasierten Lernen gesammelten Erfahrungen aus der Sicht von Praktikern. Die Besonderheit ist, dass die Erfahrungen untereinander abgeglichen wurden und damit l{\"a}nder{\"u}bergreifende Erkenntnisse zusammengef{\"u}hrt wurden. Das vorliegende Handbuch versteht sich dabei nicht als wissenschaftliches Werk, greift aber Erkenntnisse aus der Lehreraus- und -fortbildung auf und stellt diese vor dem Hintergrund der gesammelten Erfahrungen dar.}, language = {de} } @article{BreuckmannWackerHanningetal.2022, author = {Breuckmann, Michael and Wacker, Georg and Hanning, Stephanie and Otto, Matthias and Kreyenschmidt, Martin}, title = {Quantification of C, H, N and O in polymers using WDXRF scattering spectra and PLS regression depending on the spectral resolution}, series = {Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry}, journal = {Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry}, issn = {1364-5544}, doi = {10.25974/fhms-14925}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-149252}, year = {2022}, abstract = {A new approach to determine the elements carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen (CHNO) in polymers by wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis (WDXRF) in combination with partial least squares (PLS) regression was explored. The quantification of CHNO was achieved by using the Rayleigh and Compton scattering spectra of an Rh X-ray tube from 84 different polymers. Concealed differences of the corresponding scattering spectra could be utilized to quantify CHNO in a multivariate manner. It was shown that the developed model was capable of determining these commonly non-measurable matrix elements in polymers using WDXRF. Furthermore, the influence of spectral resolution, which is given by the collimator and the crystal, on the prediction of CHNO was explored in this study. It was found that minimal spectral resolution led to the most accurate CHNO predictions. Information about matrix composition could be used to improve so-called semi-quantitative XRF methods based on fundamental parameters (FP) for the analysis of plastics, soil or other samples with high organic content.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MesenhoellerJacobsVennemannetal.2022, author = {Mesenh{\"o}ller, Eva and Jacobs, Steffen and Vennemann, Peter and Hussong, Jeanette}, title = {Unsteady Ventilation in a Scaled Room Model with Swirl Ceiling Diffusers}, series = {CLIMA 2022 conference}, booktitle = {CLIMA 2022 conference}, publisher = {TU Delft OPEN}, address = {Delft}, doi = {10.25974/fhms-15181}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-151811}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Mechanical ventilation of buildings is generally based on steadily operating systems. This field is well known and established. But, an approach based on time-varied supply flow rates might improve indoor air quality, comfort, and energy consumption. Typical time-scales of the variation are in the order of seconds or minutes. Until now, the effects of unsteady ventilation scenarios are not fully described and so, reliable dimensioning rules are missing. Hence, with a better understanding of the flow in unsteady ventilation, systems can be calculated and optimised. To understand the effective mechanisms and derive functional relations between the flow field and variation parameters, full-field optical flow measurements are executed with a particle image velocimetry (PIV) system. Experiments are conducted under isothermal conditions in water in a small-scale room model (1.00 m × 0.67 m × 0.46 m) with two swirl ceiling diffusers, Reynolds-scaling assures similarity. In a series of experiments, the effects of different unsteady ventilation strategies on the flow fields are investigated and compared to steady conditions with the same mean exchange rate. Mean exchange rates, signal types, periods, and amplitudes are varied. Time-averaged normalised velocity fields already indicate notable differences between steady and unsteady cases especially for lower exchange rates: the distribution is more homogeneous in unsteady scenarios compared to steady conditions, and low-velocity areas are reduced while the mean velocity of the room increases. So, unsteady ventilation might be beneficial in terms of improved ventilation and energy savings in partial-load operation. Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) analyses of the mean velocity for each field over the whole series detect the main frequency of the volume flow variation. By dividing the velocity field into smaller areas, this main frequency is still detected especially in the upper part of the room, but side frequencies play a role in the room as well.}, language = {en} } @article{PistorColucci2022, author = {Pistor, Petra and Colucci, Elizabeth}, title = {Policy Framework - Towards a Harmonised African Continental Higher Education Area}, series = {HAQAA Training Courses for IQA - Training Material}, volume = {Module 1}, journal = {HAQAA Training Courses for IQA - Training Material}, publisher = {HAQAA2}, doi = {10.25974/fhms-15184}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-151846}, pages = {1 -- 9}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The PAQAF - the Pan-African Quality Assurance and Accreditation Framework - is an overarching framework for several action lines and instruments related to the convergence of the African Higher Education sector, and more specifically quality assurance and accreditation. It was adopted by the Specialized Technical Committee (STC) on Education, Science and Technology of the African Union Assembly in 2016. The implementation of some of the PAQAF's action lines and the development of some of its instruments has been supported by the HAQAA initiative from 2015 to 2018 and is currently continued in the context of HAAQA2. Module 1 gives an overview of the PAQAF's deveopment and action lines.}, language = {en} } @article{Pistor2022, author = {Pistor, Petra}, title = {Evaluation as an Integral Part of Quality Assurance}, series = {HAQAA Training Courses for IQA - Training Material}, volume = {Module 3}, journal = {HAQAA Training Courses for IQA - Training Material}, publisher = {HAQAA2}, doi = {10.25974/fhms-15185}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-151853}, pages = {1 -- 10}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Module 3 of the HAQAA training material deals with definitions, approaches and standards of evaluation as an integral element of higher education quality assurance.}, language = {en} } @article{Pistor2022, author = {Pistor, Petra}, title = {Study Programme Development}, series = {HAQAA Training Courses for IQA - Training Material}, volume = {Module 4}, journal = {HAQAA Training Courses for IQA - Training Material}, publisher = {HAQAA2}, doi = {10.25974/fhms-15186}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-151860}, pages = {1 -- 7}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Module 4 deals with the shift from teaching to learning and gives an overview of Bloom's Taxonomy and Backward Design as tools for Constructive Alignment.}, language = {en} } @article{BoentertPistor2022, author = {Boentert, Annika and Pistor, Petra}, title = {Basics of Project Management}, series = {HAQAA Training Courses for IQA - Training Material}, volume = {Module 5}, journal = {HAQAA Training Courses for IQA - Training Material}, publisher = {HAQAA2}, doi = {10.25974/fhms-15187}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-151877}, pages = {1 -- 11}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Module 5 deals with the characteristics of projects, chances and challenges of project work and gives a basic overview of project planning and implementation tools and processes.}, language = {en} } @article{TophoffKreyenschulteSchuettrumpfetal.2022, author = {Tophoff, Lukas and Kreyenschulte, Moritz and Sch{\"u}ttrumpf, Holger and Heimbecher, Frank}, title = {Verockerung wasserbaulicher Filteranlagen: Stand der Wissenschaft und notwendige Untersuchungen}, series = {Grundwasser - Zeitschrift der Fachsektion Hydrogeologie}, journal = {Grundwasser - Zeitschrift der Fachsektion Hydrogeologie}, doi = {10.25974/fhms-15293}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-152930}, pages = {1 -- 14}, year = {2022}, abstract = {In den letzten Jahrzehnten kam es in Einzelf{\"a}llen zu schweren Sch{\"a}den an wasserbaulichen geotextilen Filteranlagen infolge der Verstopfung durch ausgeflockte ockerhaltige Produkte. Durch eine starke Verminderung der Durchl{\"a}ssigkeit der Geokunststoffe in Kombination mit einem hohen hydrostatischen Druck wurden unter anderem die Deckschichten verschiedener Deckwerke in den tidebeeinflussten Wasserstraßen Ems und Weser angehoben und besch{\"a}digt. Bisher wurden die Milieubedingungen, d.h. Grundwasser- und Oberfl{\"a}chenwasserbeschaffenheit sowie Aquifer- und Deckwerksmaterial, unter denen die Ockerbildung in geotextilen und mineralischen Filteranlagen auftritt, noch nicht systematisch untersucht. Im Rahmen des vorliegenden Beitrags werden im ersten Schritt aus theoretischen Untersuchungen und Datenanalysen von Grundwasser- und Oberfl{\"a}chenwasseruntersuchungen Kriterien zur Bewertung der Verockerungsneigung abgeleitet. Diese Kriterien bzw. DOCP (decisive ochre clogging parameters) zeigen in den {\"A}stuaren Ems, Weser und Elbe Betr{\"a}ge an, die Verockerungserscheinungen beg{\"u}nstigen bzw. erm{\"o}glichen. Auf Basis dieser Untersuchungen werden im zweiten Schritt Randbedingungen f{\"u}r zuk{\"u}nftige systematische in-situ Untersuchungen an wasserbaulichen Filteranlagen sowie im experimentellen Modell abgeleitet.}, language = {de} }