@misc{Sommer2024,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Sommer, Philipp},
  title     = {Energiebedarfsbestimmung von Bestands-Wohngeb{\"a}uden anhand von maschinellen Lernmethoden},
  doi       = {10.25974/fhms-18018},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-180188},
  school      = {FH M{\"u}nster - University of Applied Sciences},
  pages     = {92},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Energieausweise informieren {\"u}ber den Energiebedarf und -verbrauch von Geb{\"a}uden. F{\"u}r die Erstellung eines Energieausweises werden geb{\"a}udespezifische Daten ben{\"o}tigt, weshalb sie oft nicht f{\"u}r alle Geb{\"a}ude vorliegen oder erst durch eine Begehung vor Ort erfasst werden k{\"o}nnen. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die M{\"o}glichkeit, durch die Identifikation eines Datenschemas, basierend auf einer integrativen Analyse von Energieausweisen, Energiebedarfsvorhersagen f{\"u}r unbekannte Wohngeb{\"a}ude zu treffen. Die Zielsetzung der vorliegenden Arbeit besteht in der Identifikation wesentlicher Merkmale aus offenen Datenquellen, welche den Energiebedarf signifikant beeinflussen sowie deren Integration in ein kompaktes und effizientes Regressionsmodell. Dabei werden verschiedene maschinelle Lernmethoden, insbesondere das Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), eingesetzt, um Modelle zu entwickeln und zu validieren, die auf Daten aus Energieausweisen basieren. Daf{\"u}r werden unter anderem Merkmale aus den beschriebenen Merkmalen zum Dach, der Außenw{\"a}nde, zu Fenstern und zum Boden extrahiert und in neue Merkmale {\"u}berf{\"u}hrt. Dies sind unter anderem Dach- und Wandtyp, das zugeh{\"o}rige Isolationsniveau und der Verglasungsgrad der Fenster. Im Anschluss werden drei Datens{\"a}tze entwickelt und auf ihre Leistung untersucht. Eine Analyse der Merkmalsrelevanz hat gezeigt, dass {\"u}ber alle Datens{\"a}tze hinweg bestimmte Merkmale wie Geb{\"a}udetyp, Baujahr, Wohnfl{\"a}che, D{\"a}mmungsgrad und geografische Lage entscheidenden Einfluss auf die Vorhersage des Energiebedarfs haben. Das auf den Fernerkundungsdaten basierte Modell, wies nach Optimierung ein Bestimmtheitsmaß R2 von 0,64 und einen mittleren absoluten Fehler (MAE) von 4,12 auf. Der Fehler bezieht sich auf eine Effizienzskala von 1-100 (Energieklasse G-A). Nach Skalierung der Pipeline und durch Erg{\"a}nzung weiterer Datenpunkte, konnte der Wert auf 0,84 erh{\"o}ht werden. Durch die Erg{\"a}nzung von vebrauchsabh{\"a}ngigen Merkmalen, erreichte das XGB-Regressionsmodell ein R2 von 0,94 und einen MAE von 1,46 {\"u}ber den Trainings- und Testdatensatz. Zur weiteren Validierung werden die Auswirkungen der einzelnen Merkmale {\"u}ber Shapley-Werte quantifiziert, um die Auswirkungen der Merkmale bei der Vorhersage zu interpretieren. Die entwickelten Modelle erreichten eine hohe Prognosegenauigkeit und demonstrierten eine signifikante Verbesserung gegen{\"u}ber herk{\"o}mmlichen Methoden. Die Erstellung der Datens{\"a}tze erfolgte unter Verwendung der Programmiersprache Python sowie des Frameworks Scikit-learn (Version 1.4.1) zur Entwicklung der Modelle. Die erzeugten Datens{\"a}tze und Modelle wurden in eine reproduzierbare Pipeline {\"u}berf{\"u}hrt und stehen nach Freigabe unter GitHub zur Verf{\"u}gung.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{SpoelerLautzRickmannetal.2023,
  author    = {Sp{\"o}ler, Thomas and Lautz, Manuel and Rickmann, Lars and Mathys, Werner and Rickamm, Bernd and B{\"a}cker, Carsten},
  title     = {Trinkwasserhygiene sicher planen - Ermittlung des Betriebsrisikos f{\"u}r eine Trinkwasserinstallation auf Grundlage einer Rohrnetzberechnung},
  series = {tab},
  volume    = {54. Jahrgang 2023},
  journal   = {tab},
  number    = {11/2023},
  editor    = {Bauverlag BV GmbH,},
  issn      = {0341-2032},
  pages     = {42 -- 46},
  year      = {2023},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Baecker2024,
  author    = {B{\"a}cker, Carsten},
  title     = {Neues zur Geb{\"a}udeentw{\"a}sserung: DIN 1986-100, 23. Sanit{\"a}rtechnisches Symposium der FH M{\"u}nster am 01. Februar 2024 in Steinfurt},
  year      = {2024},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Baecker2024,
  author    = {B{\"a}cker, Carsten},
  title     = {Trinkwasserinstallation - Einfluss der Betriebsf{\"u}hrung auf die Trinkwasserqualit{\"a}t, 23. Sanit{\"a}rtechnisches Symposium der FH M{\"u}nster am 01. Februar 2024 in Steinfurt},
  year      = {2024},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Baecker2024,
  author    = {B{\"a}cker, Carsten},
  title     = {Planungsrelevante Anforderungen an die Kaltwasser - Installation und die Kaltwasserzirkulation, Symposium f{\"u}r Wassertechnik und Hygiene des Bildungszentrums der Bundeswehr am 19. M{\"a}rz 2024 in Mannheim},
  year      = {2024},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Baecker2024,
  author    = {B{\"a}cker, Carsten},
  title     = {Einfluss der Rohrleitungsf{\"u}hrung auf den Erhalt der Trinkwasserg{\"u}te, 9. Eisenacher Symposium, Bundeskongress der Hygieneinspektoren des {\"o}ffentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes am 07. Mai 2024 in Eisenach},
  year      = {2024},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Gruening2024,
  author    = {Gr{\"u}ning, Helmut},
  title     = {Aktuelle Anforderungen an die Regenwasserbehandlung. Vortrag im Rahmen des 9. Flughafenworkshops der Fa. Birco, 19. April 2024 in Baden-Baden},
  year      = {2024},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Gruening2024,
  author    = {Gr{\"u}ning, Helmut},
  title     = {Starkregen: Einfluss klimatischer Entwicklungen bei der Konzeption von Entw{\"a}sserungssystemen. Vortrag im Rahmen des 9. Flughafenworkshops der Fa. Birco, 19. April 2024 in Baden-Baden},
  year      = {2024},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{GrueningPecherHilbrands2024,
  author    = {Gr{\"u}ning, Helmut and Pecher, Klaus Hans and Hilbrands, Eske},
  title     = {Bemessung und Wirkung technischer Filter},
  series = {Korrespondenz Abwasser, Abfall},
  volume    = {71},
  journal   = {Korrespondenz Abwasser, Abfall},
  number    = {Nr. 5},
  issn      = {1866-0029},
  pages     = {353 -- 364},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Das Spektrum technischer Filter zur Niederschlagswasserbehandlung reicht von kompakten Anlagen im dezentralen Maßstab bis zu zentralen Anlagen mit mehreren Hektar angeschlossener Fl{\"a}che. Die hier vorgestellten zentralen Systeme werden im Aufstromverfahren durchflossen. Der Zufluss wird dabei durch Sedimentation oder eine Sedimentation-Lamellen-Kombination vorbehandelt. Das Spektrum der eingesetzten Filtersubstrate erm{\"o}glicht den R{\"u}ckhalt feiner Partikel (AFS63) bis hin zu gel{\"o}sten Stoffen. Die R{\"u}ckhaltewirkung von technischen Filtern kann sehr hoch sein, allerdings muss der Kompromiss zwischen Wirkung und Wartung gefunden werden. Die {\"U}berwachung der Systeme ist durch Bilanzierung der F{\"u}llst{\"a}nde vergleichsweise einfach. Erste Ans{\"a}tze f{\"u}r eine Bemessung der Systeme werden vorgestellt.},
  language  = {de}
}
@masterthesis{Koert2024,
  type      = {Bachelor Thesis},
  author    = {Koert, Franziska},
  title     = {Coupling Energy System Modeling with Life Cycle Assessment},
  doi       = {10.25974/fhms-17880},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-178803},
  school      = {FH M{\"u}nster - University of Applied Sciences},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {When simulating and optimizing urban energy systems, the focus is usually on minimizing financial costs or greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. As energy systems transition towards a growing share of renewable energy sources and technological complexity, environmental impacts that affect more than just GHG emissions, such as resource extractions, water and land use impacts or impacts on human health, are becoming increasingly relevant. To address this gap, this thesis introduces an automated coupling procedure for energy system modeling (ESM) and life cycle assessment (LCA). The implementation includes general recommendations and a practical coupling of the Open Energy Modelling Framework (oemof) based Spreadsheet Energy System Model Generator (SESMG) with a suitable LCA software. The LCA procedure involves goal and scope definition, inventory analysis, impact assessment, and interpretation. To adapt these steps to different energy system models, the LCA should be attributional, process-based and territorial. Further, the openLCA software by Green-Delta serves as a suitable soft-linking tool. The main challenge of the coupling procedure is the inventory analysis. Data collection faces limitations, reasoned by the commercialization and high maintenance efforts in open-source databases. After evaluating free databases, the Prozessorientierte Basisdaten f{\"u}r Umweltmanagement-Instrumente (ProBas) database of the Umweltbundesamt emerged as the most suitable choice for the coupling. However, also this database lacks traceability of datasets or compatibility with a comprehensive impact assessment. A generalized framework for the LCA application of energy systems was developed. The framework is based on an ex-post LCA assessment that considers the combination of the two approaches within every step of the procedure. Main considerations of this framework include automatic calculations of the inventory analysis and the impact assessment for different energy technologies, as well as calculations summed up for all technologies of energy system scenarios. Further, technology mapping and data harmonization are essential considerations for the automatic coupling and double counting of impacts needs to be avoided. Subsequently, the framework is realized with the adaption of the SESMG. Its database-independent realization allows compatibility with different databases in openLCA. For the selected ProBas database, the tool can be used with different available energy technologies. The use of unit processes is encouraged for data harmonization. Result interpretation of the LCA (in general or with the SESMG) should not solely focus on the absolute values of the impact categories, but rather on the comparative strengths among scenarios and technologies. The successful application to a reference single-family building using the ProBas database revealed varied environmental impacts, in relation with a higher reduction in GHG emissions, with an increase of 11 \% in terrestrial acidification impacts in the emission-optimized scenario. These findings emphasize a more comprehensive perspective on environmental impacts and provide a valuable validation of the developed methodology. Future research should include the improvement of data harmonization, the inclusion of more datasets for a more customized analysis of energy systems and more applications. The coupled approach offers a promising avenue for gaining deeper insights into optimizing urban energy systems.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Budde2022,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Budde, Janik},
  title     = {Residential load profile tools - A review and comparison of applied tools},
  doi       = {10.25974/fhms-17857},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-178573},
  pages     = {16},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {The energy demand of the residential sector contributed to about 29 \% of Germany's final energy consumption in 2020. For the planning and optimization of energy systems, an understanding of the temporal energy consumption is necessary. This paper discusses tools for estimating these load profiles. Load profiles for electricity, space heating and domestic hot water (DHW) are investigated. A total of ten tools were applied. It turns out that the selected load profiles are dependent on the field of application. Load profiles influence the results of energy system modeling and therefore it is important to differentiate load profile tools. Standardized load profiles are well suited when a large number of buildings are considered. Stochastic load profiles, behavioral load profiles and the reference load profiles are well suited for building-specific simulations. Physical load pro- files are well suited for single building models, but as soon as several buildings are considered, the input effort for a sufficient accuracy is high.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{MesenhoellerJacobsVennemann2022,
  author    = {Mesenh{\"o}ller, Eva and Jacobs, Steffen and Vennemann, Peter},
  title     = {Raumstr{\"o}mung bei instation{\"a}rem Betrieb von RLT-Anlagen - Experimentelle und numerische Untersuchungen mit PIV und CFD},
  doi       = {10.25974/fhms-17860},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-178605},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Posterzusammenfassung der Hintergr{\"u}nde, Ziele, Methoden (messtechnisch und numerisch) und Ergebnisse im Projekt zu instation{\"a}rer L{\"u}ftung.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{MesenhoellerVennemannHussong2019,
  author    = {Mesenh{\"o}ller, Eva and Vennemann, Peter and Hussong, Jeanette},
  title     = {Raumstr{\"o}mungsmessung mit Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) - Instation{\"a}rer Betrieb von RLT-Anlagen},
  doi       = {10.25974/fhms-17859},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-178597},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Posterzusammenfassung der Hintergr{\"u}nde, Ziele, Messprinzipien, Messungen und des Versuchsstandes im Projekt zur Untersuchung instation{\"a}rer Rauml{\"u}ftung.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{MesenhoellerVennemann2018,
  author    = {Mesenh{\"o}ller, Eva and Vennemann, Peter},
  title     = {Raumstr{\"o}mungsmessung mit Particle Image Velocimetry - Instation{\"a}rer Betrieb von RLT-Anlagen},
  doi       = {10.25974/fhms-17858},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-178587},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {{\"U}berblick {\"u}ber Methodik, Hintergr{\"u}nde und Ziele des Projekts zu instation{\"a}rer Rauml{\"u}ftung sowie bisherige Untersuchungsschwerpunkte auf diesem Gebiet.},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{TocklothKlemmBeckeretal.2024,
  author    = {Tockloth, Jan N. and Klemm, Christian and Becker, Gregor and Blankenstein, Benjamin and Vennemann, Peter},
  title     = {Der Spreadsheet Energy System Model Generator (SESMG): Ein Tool zur Optimierung urbaner Energiesysteme},
  series = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  booktitle = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  pages     = {18 -- 19},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Der Spreadsheet Energy System Model Generator (SESMG) ist ein Werkzeug zur Modellierung und Optimierung von (urbanen) Energiesystemen. Der SESMG hat eine browserbasierte grafische Benutzeroberfl{\"a}che, eine tabellenbasierte Dateneingabe und eine ausf{\"u}hrliche Dokumentation, was einen einfachen Einstieg erm{\"o}glicht. Zudem erfordern die Installation und Anwendung keine Programmierkenntnisse. Im SESMG sind verschiedene Modellierungsmethoden implementiert, wie z. B. die Anwendung des Multi-Energie-System-Ansatzes, die multikriteriale Optimierung, modellbasierte Methoden zur Reduktion des Rechenaufwands sowie die automatisierte Erstellung von r{\"a}umlich hoch aufgel{\"o}sten Energiesystemmodellen. Somit k{\"o}nnen urbane Energiesysteme mithilfe des SESMGs mit vergleichsweise geringem Aufwand, aber unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung einer Vielzahl von Parametern und Randbedingungen, modelliert und optimiert werden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{WetterBrueggingHaeneretal.2023,
  author    = {Wetter, Christof and Br{\"u}gging, Elmar and H{\"a}ner, Jurek and Baumk{\"o}tter, Daniel and Hern{\´a}ndez Regalado, Roberto and Neradko, Alexej and Wettwer, Lukas and Terwort, J.},
  title     = {BioSmart: Biogasproduktion in Hochlastfermentern zur intelligenten Energiebereitstellung},
  series = {Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe},
  journal   = {Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe},
  year      = {2023},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{WetterBrueggingHaeneretal.2023,
  author    = {Wetter, Christof and Br{\"u}gging, Elmar and H{\"a}ner, Jurek and Jantze, H.-A. and Annas, Sven and Gl{\"o}sek{\"o}tter, Peter and Horsthemke, L. and Heller, A. and Scholz, Dieter and Reineck, S. and Baumk{\"o}tter, Daniel and Gr{\"u}ner, Victoria and Budelmann, J.},
  title     = {NeoBio: Neue Entwicklungswerkzeuge zur Optimierung der Mischregime in Bioreaktoren},
  series = {Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe},
  journal   = {Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe},
  year      = {2023},
  language  = {de}
}
@masterthesis{Blankenstein2024,
  type      = {Bachelor Thesis},
  author    = {Blankenstein, Benjamin},
  title     = {Energiesystemmodellierung von Kasernen},
  doi       = {10.25974/fhms-17814},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-178144},
  school      = {FH M{\"u}nster - University of Applied Sciences},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Die Planung urbaner Energiesysteme wird durch die zunehmende Verbreitung sektorgekoppelter Technologien und neuer Verbrauchssektoren immer komplexer. Klassische Planungsmethoden kommen an ihre Grenzen. Die Energiesystemmodellierung (ESM) bietet eine M{\"o}glichkeit, ein Energiesystem hinsichtlich der Kosten und der Treibhausgas (THG)- Emissionen zu optimieren. Gleichzeitig ergibt sich aus der Energiewende und angestrebten THG-Neutralit{\"a}t ein akuter Handlungsbedarf. Dies gilt auch f{\"u}r die 1 500 Kasernen in Deutschland. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit werden der bestehende Modellierungsprozess des Spreadsheet Energy System Model Generator (SESMG) erweitert, indem Herausforderungen der Modellierung und Optimierung von Kasernen identifiziert und L{\"o}sungsans{\"a}tze hierzu entwickelt werden. Diese Arbeit basiert auf der ESM einer realen Kaserne. Es kann das Urban District Upscaling Tool zur Erstellung der f{\"u}r den SESMG ben{\"o}tigten Modelldefinition verwendet werden. Die Open-Source Datenbank SESMG-Data, kann automatisch die ben{\"o}tigte Standard Parameter Tabelle mit zugeh{\"o}rigem Bericht generieren. Weiterhin wurde ein Energieaustauschmodell vorgestellt, das den Energieaustausch zwischen Kasernen eines Bilanzkreises erm{\"o}glicht. Ein Fokus liegt auf der Abbildung zuk{\"u}nftiger Ausbaupl{\"a}ne. Dazu wurden kasernenspezifische Geb{\"a}udeprofile entwickelt, die gemittelte spezifische Energiebedarfe und weitere Parameter zur Berechnung der Wand-, Fenster-, und Dachfl{\"a}che enthalten. Der spezifische W{\"a}rmebedarf kann durch einen Faktor an die Baualtersklasse angepasst werden. Mit Hilfe statistischer Kennwerte l{\"a}sst sich ein geeignetes Standardlastprofil f{\"u}r verschiedene Geb{\"a}udeprofile ausw{\"a}hlen. Zur Reduktion der Komponenten im Energiesystemoptimierungsmodell (ESOM) k{\"o}nnen die Dachfl{\"a}chenpotenziale von Photovoltaikanlagen zusammengefasst werden. Da Kasernen nur eine Bilanzgrenze besitzen, k{\"o}nnen zudem auch die Strombedarfe der einzelnen Geb{\"a}ude zusammengefasst werden. Damit lassen sich gleichzeitig dezentrale Batteriespeicher als Komponente des ESOMs ausschließen. Die Potenzialfl{\"a}chen von Erdw{\"a}rmepumpen k{\"o}nnen zusammengefasst werden, wobei Abstands- und Belastbarkeitsgrenzen eingehalten werden m{\"u}ssen. Kasernen verf{\"u}gen h{\"a}ufig {\"u}ber Bestandsw{\"a}rmenetze, die im ESOM gesondert ber{\"u}cksichtigt werden m{\"u}ssen. Um dieses Bestandsw{\"a}rmenetz abzubilden, k{\"o}nnen die Verteilleitungen manuell nachgezeichnet werden und in einer Vormodellierung mit dem SESMG mit geringeren Kosten angesetzt werden. Die in dieser Arbeit entwickelten Methoden sind allgemeing{\"u}ltig f{\"u}r Kasernen. Die {\"U}bertragbarkeit der kasernenspezifischen Geb{\"a}udeprofile ist aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Nutzung von Kasernen nur eingeschr{\"a}nkt m{\"o}glich. Der bestehende Modellierungsprozess wurde um kasernenspezifische Prozessschritte erweitert und visualisiert. Zuk{\"u}nftige Modellierungen von Kasernen k{\"o}nnen zur Validierung der Ergebnisse und f{\"u}r weitere Anpassungen, wie z. B. die Erstellung einer kasernenspezifischen Datenbank, genutzt werden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Gruening2024,
  author    = {Gr{\"u}ning, Helmut},
  title     = {Merkblatt DWA-M 109 Hydraulische Aspekte bei Sonderbauwerken in Entw{\"a}sserungssystemen},
  publisher = {Deutsche Vereinigung f{\"u}r Wasserwirtschaft, Abwasser und Abfall e. V. (DWA)},
  address   = {Hennef},
  isbn      = {978-3-96862-670-3},
  year      = {2024},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Gruening2024,
  author    = {Gr{\"u}ning, Helmut},
  title     = {Misch- und Niederschlagswasserbehandlung: Konzepte und Entwicklungen (Vortrag). wawikurs Entw{\"a}sserungssysteme der Deutschen Vereinigung f{\"u}r Wasserwirtschaft, Abwasser und Abfall e.V. (DWA), am 12. M{\"a}rz 2024 in Kassel},
  year      = {2024},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Gruening2024,
  author    = {Gr{\"u}ning, Helmut},
  title     = {Hydraulischen Dimensionierung von Abwasserkan{\"a}len und Sonderbauwerken (Vortrag). wawikurs Entw{\"a}sserungssysteme der Deutschen Vereinigung f{\"u}r Wasserwirtschaft, Abwasser und Abfall e.V. (DWA), am 12. M{\"a}rz 2024 in Kassel},
  year      = {2024},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Gruening2024,
  author    = {Gr{\"u}ning, Helmut},
  title     = {Blau-gr{\"u}ne Infrastruktur (Vortrag). Seminar „Starker Regentag" der Firma REHAU, am 7. M{\"a}rz 2024 in M{\"u}nchen},
  year      = {2024},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{SchwarzGerling2024,
  author    = {Schwarz, Timmy and Gerling, Yannick},
  title     = {Dashboard-Anwendung zur Eignungsbereichsdarstellung von W{\"a}rmeversorgungsoptionen (in Bremen)},
  series = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  booktitle = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  address   = {Steinfurt},
  doi       = {10.25974/fhms-17843},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-178434},
  pages     = {1},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Poster - Dashboard-Anwendung zur Eignungsbereichsdarstellung von W{\"a}rmeversorgungsoptionen (in Bremen)},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{SchomakerKamphusBruegging2024,
  author    = {Schomaker, Marion and Kamphus, S{\"o}ren and Br{\"u}gging, Elmar},
  title     = {BIOREST - Regionale Vorbehandlungskonzepte zur nachhaltigen Reststoffnutzung in Biogasanlagen},
  series = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  booktitle = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  address   = {Steinfurt},
  doi       = {10.25974/fhms-17842},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-178425},
  pages     = {1},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Poster - BIOREST - Regionale Vorbehandlungskonzepte zur nachhaltigen Reststoffnutzung in Biogasanlagen},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{RolfKamphusBruegging2024,
  author    = {Rolf, Juliana and Kamphus, S{\"o}ren and Br{\"u}gging, Elmar},
  title     = {Forschungsprojekt SolidScore: Biologische Wasserstofferzeugung aus Biomassefeststoffen},
  series = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  booktitle = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  address   = {Steinfurt},
  doi       = {10.25974/fhms-17841},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-178418},
  pages     = {1},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Poster - Forschungsprojekt SolidScore: Biologische Wasserstofferzeugung aus Biomassefeststoffen},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{HarmsEnsinkMehnertHaeneretal.2024,
  author    = {Harms-Ensink, Tim and Mehnert, Sylke and H{\"a}ner, Jurek and Br{\"u}gging, Elmar},
  title     = {ReMolk: Dekarbonisierung der Energieversorgung einer Molkerei durch die anaerobe Verg{\"a}rung landwirtschaftlicher Reststoffe},
  series = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  booktitle = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  address   = {Steinfurt},
  doi       = {10.25974/fhms-17840},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-178407},
  pages     = {1},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Poster - ReMolk: Dekarbonisierung der Energieversorgung einer Molkerei durch die anaerobe Verg{\"a}rung landwirtschaftlicher Reststoffe},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{GroesdonkBlancoSingeretal.2024,
  author    = {Groesdonk, Philip and Blanco, Luis and Singer, Larissa Celine and Schmiedt, Jacob Estevam},
  title     = {Automatisierte Erstellung von energetischen Geb{\"a}udemodellen als georeferenzierter Grundlagendatensatz f{\"u}r W{\"a}rmewendeprojekte},
  series = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  booktitle = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  address   = {Steinfurt},
  doi       = {10.25974/fhms-17839},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-178399},
  pages     = {1},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Poster - Automatisierte Erstellung von energetischen Geb{\"a}udemodellen als georeferenzierter Grundlagendatensatz f{\"u}r W{\"a}rmewendeprojekte},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{BuitinkHagemanvanLeeuwen2024,
  author    = {Buitink, Martin and Hageman, Simon and van Leeuwen, Richard},
  title     = {The effect of the configuration of a heat exchanger in a thermal storage},
  series = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  booktitle = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  address   = {Steinfurt},
  doi       = {10.25974/fhms-17836},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-178366},
  pages     = {1},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Poster - The effect of the configuration of a heat exchanger in a thermal storage},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Boiting2024,
  author    = {Boiting, Bernd},
  title     = {Thermische Batterien / Schwarmspeicher},
  series = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  booktitle = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  address   = {Steinfurt},
  doi       = {10.25974/fhms-17834},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-178343},
  pages     = {1},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Poster - Thermische Batterien / Schwarmspeicher},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{BlancoGroesdonkSingeretal.2024,
  author    = {Blanco, Luis and Groesdonk, Philip and Singer, Larissa Celine and Schmiedt, Jacob Estevam},
  title     = {Datengetriebene Klassifizierung von st{\"a}dtischen Energieeinheiten f{\"u}r die Analyse des W{\"a}rme und Strombedarfs von Quartieren},
  series = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  booktitle = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  address   = {Steinfurt},
  doi       = {10.25974/fhms-17833},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-178332},
  pages     = {1 -- 1},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Poster - Datengetriebene Klassifizierung von st{\"a}dtischen Energieeinheiten f{\"u}r die Analyse des W{\"a}rme- und Strombedarfs von Quartieren},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{TocklothKlemmBeckeretal.2024,
  author    = {Tockloth, Jan N. and Klemm, Christian and Becker, Gregor and Blankenstein, Benjamin and Vennemann, Peter},
  title     = {Spreadsheet Energy System Model Generator (SESMG)},
  series = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  journal   = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  doi       = {10.25974/fhms-17820},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-178209},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Die Transformation der Energiesysteme im Rahmen der Energiewende macht diese durch zus{\"a}tzliche Komponenten und Wechselwirkungen immer komplexer. Das {\"o}konomische und {\"o}kologische Potenzial, dass sich aus der Nutzung der Synergien dieser Komponenten ergeben kann, erfordert eine gemeinsame Betrachtung des gesamten Energiesystems hinsichtlich s{\"a}mtlicher Energie- und Verbrauchssektoren. Die Energiesystemmodellierung stellt eine geeignete Methode zur Modellierung und Optimierung dieser urbanen Energiesysteme dar. Mit dem „Spreadsheet Energy System Model Generator" (SESMG) hat die FH M{\"u}nster ein Open Source Tool entwickelt, das die Betrachtung urbaner Quartiere erm{\"o}glicht. Diese k{\"o}nnen hinsichtlich verschiedener Zielkriterien wie z. B. monet{\"a}ren Kosten und THG-Emissionen optimiert werden. Die tabellenbasierte Eingabe erfordert keine Programmierkenntnisse. Das implementierte Urban District Upscaling Tool erleichtert die effektive Modellierung auch gr{\"o}ßerer Systeme. Die automatisierte Ergebnisaufbereitung erm{\"o}glicht eine schnelle Analyse der Ergebnisse.},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{WetterBruegging2024,
  author    = {Wetter, Christof and Br{\"u}gging, Elmar},
  title     = {16. Steinfurter Bioenergiefachtagung - Tagungsband},
  address   = {Steinfurt},
  doi       = {10.25974/fhms-17789},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-177896},
  publisher      = {FH M{\"u}nster - University of Applied Sciences},
  pages     = {29},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Dieser Tagungsband umfasste eine {\"U}bersicht zu den Vortr{\"a}gen, Ausstellern sowie die Abstracts der Poster-Pr{\"a}sentation auf der 16. Bioenergiefachtagung.},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{JacobsMesenhoellerJakirlicetal.2023,
  author    = {Jacobs, Steffen and Mesenh{\"o}ller, Eva and Jakirlic, Suad and Vennemann, Peter},
  title     = {Computational Study of Transient Indoor Airflow with Reference to a Complementary Experiment},
  series = {Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium On Turbulence, Heat and Mass Transfer. K. Hanjalic, D. Borello, K. Suga, P. Venturini (Eds.)},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium On Turbulence, Heat and Mass Transfer. K. Hanjalic, D. Borello, K. Suga, P. Venturini (Eds.)},
  editor    = {Hanjalic, K. and Borello, D. and Suga, K. and Venturini, P.},
  publisher = {Begell House Inc.},
  address   = {New York, Wallingford},
  organization    = {ICHMT},
  isbn      = {978-1-56700-534-9},
  issn      = {2377-2816},
  pages     = {681 -- 684},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {A novel approach for ventilation systems is a periodically varying supply air flow rate, the so-called unsteady mode of operation. So far, useful effects of this unsteady operating mode have been observed, but the effect mechanisms are still unknown. In this manuscript, simulations using the recently proposed k-ω-ζ - f model implemented in a sensitized RANS computational framework for a cuboid room with swirl diffusers are compared and validated with PIV measurements.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Gruening2024,
  author    = {Gr{\"u}ning, Helmut},
  title     = {Klimafolgen: Hitze und {\"U}berflutungsvorsorge (Vortrag). Neujahrsempfang des NABU-Kreisverbandes Steinfurt e.V., am 21. Januar 2024 in Rheine},
  year      = {2024},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Gruening2024,
  author    = {Gr{\"u}ning, Helmut},
  title     = {Sturzfluten und private Vorsorge (Vortrag). Informationsveranstaltung Extremwetter, am 6. Februar 2024 in Bad Sassendorf},
  year      = {2024},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Gruening2024,
  author    = {Gr{\"u}ning, Helmut},
  title     = {Bewirtschaftung und Behandlung von Regenwasser - das neue Arbeitsblatt DWA-A 102-2/BWK-A 3-2 (Vortrag). IKT-Crashkurs „Dezentrale Niederschlagswasserbehandlung" am 9. Februar 2024, Gelsenkirchen},
  year      = {2024},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Gruening2024,
  author    = {Gr{\"u}ning, Helmut},
  title     = {Baumrigolen: Kriterien zur Bemessung von Systemen mit komplexer Wirkung (Vortrag). Grundst{\"u}cksentw{\"a}sserungstage der Deutschen Vereinigung f{\"u}r Wasserwirtschaft, Abwasser und Abfall e.V. (DWA), am 20./21. Februar 2024 in Fulda},
  year      = {2024},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Gruening2024,
  author    = {Gr{\"u}ning, Helmut},
  title     = {Klimawandel und Starkregen: Interaktion zwischen Kanalnetz und Geb{\"a}ude (Vortrag). Architekten- und Planerseminar des NFG Netzwerk f{\"u}r Geb{\"a}udetechnik, am 22. Februar 2024 in K{\"o}ln},
  year      = {2024},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{SieringGruening2023,
  author    = {Siering, Nils and Gr{\"u}ning, Helmut},
  title     = {Stormwater Tree Pits for Decentralized Retention of Heavy Rainfall},
  series = {Water},
  volume    = {2023 / 15},
  journal   = {Water},
  number    = {Water 2023, 15, 2987},
  issn      = {2073-4441},
  doi       = {10.25974/fhms-17720},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-177201},
  pages     = {1 -- 16},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Stormwater tree pits with storage elements enable the irrigation of urban trees and can potentially act as decentralized rainwater retention basins. This paper mainly focuses on analyzing this potential. Field tests were conducted to investigate the irrigation behavior and the storage effect of a storm water tree pit system using Perl hoses as irrigation elements over a period of two years. The rainfall, storage volumes, and soil moisture within the employed planting pit were measured. With the help of system modeling, the retention ability of the storm water tree pit system was analyzed. The available storage volume was sufficient to irrigate trees for several days. During the measurement period, about 15\% of the inflowing rainwater was fed to the root zone of the tree. With practical storage volumes of 200 to 300 m3/ha, a remarkable amount of water from heavy rainfall could be completely stored, thus significantly reducing the risk of flooding. The retention effect and irrigation behavior largely depend on the soil conditions and the technical possibilities of the equipment supplying the root area (in this case, Perl hoses). Further investigations are required to determine the influence on the growth conditions of trees and optimize of the system for discharge into the root zone.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{OPUS4-17636,
  title     = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  editor    = {Vennemann, Peter and Klemm, Christian and Blankenstein, Benjamin},
  publisher = {FH M{\"u}nster},
  address   = {M{\"u}nster},
  doi       = {10.25974/ren_rev_2024_00},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-176363},
  pages     = {1-93},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {The Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews (EduJRESR, formally published as 'EGU Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews') is a teaching project rather than a regular scientific journal. To publish in this journal, it is a premise to take part in the master course wind power, hydro power and biomass usage at the department of Energy, Building Services and Environmental Engineering of the M{\"u}nster University of Applied Sciences. Students receive an equivalent of 2.5 credit points (European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System - ECTS) for their engagement in the course and for publishing a short review article of at most 3 000 words in this periodical. The publication process closely mimics the typical publication procedure of a regular journal. The peer-review process, however, is conducted within the group of course-participants. Although being just an exercise, we think that publishing the outcome of this course in a citable manner is not only promoting the motivation of our students, but may also be a helpful source of introductory information for researchers and practitioners in the field of renewable energies. We encourage students to write their articles in English, but this is not mandatory. The reader will thus find a few articles in German language. To further encourage students practicing English writing, perfect grammar is not part of the assessment. We especially thank our students for working with LATEX on Overleaf, although LATEX is new to some of them. In this way, the editorial workload was reduced to a minimum. We also thank our students for sharing their work under the creative commons attribution licence (CC-BY). We appreciate their contribution to scientific information, being available to every person of the world, almost without barriers. We also thank the corresponding authors and publishers of the cited work, for granting permission.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Zurhold2024,
  author    = {Zurhold, Roman},
  title     = {Guidelines for Onshore Repowering in Germany},
  series = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  journal   = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  doi       = {10.25974/ren_rev_2024_14},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-176520},
  pages     = {85 -- 93},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Wind energy plays a major role among renewable energies. Its expansion is therefore important in order to achieve the climate targets. Repowering is an important element in the expansion of wind energy. On the one hand, it offers a solution for many wind turbines in Germany that are no longer subsidised due to their age. On the other hand, modern turbines are significantly more powerful and enable more efficient land utilisation. This article provides an overview of the most important aspects of onshore repowering. There is a lot to consider when repowering wind turbines. The legal situation for repowering aims to be improved through simplified authorisation procedures. Even though efforts are being made by the government, there is still room for improvement. The repowering potential is also dependent on the various distance regulations to residential buildings in the federal states. These regulations might also be improved in the future. Another aspect is the remuneration, which is now closer to market developments due to the market premium model. It is also subject to greater competition as a result of the tendering process. At the same time, interest rates and turbine prices have risen, which creates economic challenges for the operators of future wind farms. Last but not least, repowering also depends on public acceptance. This is also to be regulated by law in the future.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Weisser2024,
  author    = {Weißer, Hannes},
  title     = {Relevance of Bird Strikes on Wind Turbines in Germany: A Review},
  series = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  journal   = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  doi       = {10.25974/ren_rev_2024_13},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-176500},
  pages     = {79 -- 84},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {As Germany aims to increase its utilization of wind power, the potential threat to bird populations due to this expansion is a controversial issue. This paper aims to collect data on the magnitude of bird strikes on wind turbines, review existing protective measures and explore innovative solutions. After a thorough examination of the literature, it was concluded that although the impact on bird populations is significant, it may be overemphasized in popular debates. This statement is not final as further research is necessary to assess the impact of bird strikes and explore new solutions. Comprehensive studies on this specific topic in Germany are limited, which makes a thorough evaluation challenging. While there are measures in place to protect species that may be negatively impacted, it is possible that these measures will not be adequate for all of them. While several innovative methods are under examination, progress in testing and implementation is slow. Lastly, an information problem was identified. Since the topic is highly politicized and polarizing, it is crucial to provide the public with accessible and reliable information on the discussed themes. This is currently not the case due to a lack of data and missing information campaigns.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Volkmer2024,
  author    = {Volkmer, Philipp},
  title     = {Technical challenges and trends in upscaling wind turbines - A review},
  series = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  journal   = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  doi       = {10.25974/ren_rev_2024_12},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-176492},
  pages     = {73 -- 78},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {The upscaling of wind turbines has been increasing in recent years and will continue to play a significant role in the future, as it allows for the reduction of electricity generation costs. Various challenges arise when it comes to upscaling. This article summarizes the technical challenges associated with upscaling wind turbines and presenting their problem-solving approaches and research trends based on other reviews. It was found that the most frequently cited challenges are related to individual components, such as rotor blades, drive train, generator, tower, and noise impact. For rotor blades, the challenges are increased flexibility, more aeroelastic vibrations, increased wear, interferences with radar and transportation difficulties. Proposed solutions include the use of carbon-fiber blades, prebending, novel paints, and for transportation, segmented rotor blades and on-site manufacturing. In the gearbox, torque increases, leading to higher weight and susceptibility to errors. As a result, the trend is moving towards gearless systems with permanent magnet synchronous generators. Transportation is the major issue with towers, which can be resolved with on-site manufacturing. In terms of noise emission, reducing aerodynamic noise plays the most significant role.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Reintjes2024,
  author    = {Reintjes, Jannis},
  title     = {Dismantling of wind turbines - An overview of methods},
  series = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  journal   = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  doi       = {10.25974/ren_rev_2024_11},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-176481},
  pages     = {67 -- 72},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {This paper outlines the three main areas relevant to dismantling: the rotor blades, hub and nacelle, the tower and the foundation. The paper discusses the dismantling procedures, including the removal of the top structure, the tower and the foundation, and evaluates various methods of dismantling the tower, such as modular dismantling, collapse blasting, folding blasting, wrecking ball demolition and hydraulic ram demolition. The assessment of these methods in practice and the potential challenges and considerations for future dismantling, particularly as wind turbine heights increase, are also addressed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Recker2024,
  author    = {Recker, Luis},
  title     = {State of the art: Corrosion protection for offshore wind turbines},
  series = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  journal   = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  doi       = {10.25974/ren_rev_2024_10},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-176475},
  pages     = {61 -- 66},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {This review paper provides an initial overview of the state of the art of common corrosion protection methods for offshore wind turbines. The functions of the individual corrosion protection methods and their interaction are explained. In addition, the specific corrosion protection of different zones and components of an offshore wind turbine will be discussed. Finally, some information is given on current and possible future developments in this subject area.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Ortmann2024,
  author    = {Ortmann, Thiark},
  title     = {Effects of Noise Emissions from Offshore Wind Turbines on the Marine Environment},
  series = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  journal   = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  doi       = {10.25974/ren_rev_2024_09},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-176460},
  pages     = {53 -- 60},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {The pursuit of Offshore Wind Energy (OWE), integral to the German government's ambitious renewable energy goals raises concerns about the environmental impact of noise emissions on marine life. This paper delves into the theoretical background of Offshore Wind Turbine (OWT) noise, exploring its various phases from the survey to decommission. It examines the types and causes of noise emissions, their effects on marine wildlife and potential mitigation measures. Highlighting the regulatory framework in Germany, the paper emphasises the need for nuanced approaches to balance renewable energy objectives with marine ecosystem preservation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Noelken2024,
  author    = {N{\"o}lken, Lukas},
  title     = {Impact of robotics on the operation and maintenance of offshore wind turbines - A review},
  series = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  journal   = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  doi       = {10.25974/ren_rev_2024_08},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-176456},
  pages     = {46 -- 52},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {This article analyses the impact of robotics on the operation and maintenance (O\&M) of offshore wind turbines (OWTs), with a particular emphasis on the challenges and benefits. As the world's reliance on renewable energy, particularly offshore wind, increases to reduce climate change, the growing number of OWTs requires effective O\&M. Challenges consist of logistics, accessibility and high costs. The paper presents the application of climbing robots, unmanned aerial vehicles and underwater robots to overcome these challenges. The combination of multiple robotic platforms, such as autonomous surface vehicles and autonomous underwater vehicles, represents a collaborative approach to O\&M. Obstacles include the need for accurate navigation, building trust between humans and robots, and research into artificial intelligence. In conclusion, the integration of robotics in O\&M presents considerable advantages, increasing efficiency, safety and cost-effectiveness. Further progress and research into artificial intelligence are crucial in achieving complete automation, which will transform the O\&M of OWTs.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Mueller2024,
  author    = {M{\"u}ller, Hendrik},
  title     = {Fish mortality at hydropower plants - Protection Measures and Solutions},
  series = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  journal   = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  doi       = {10.25974/ren_rev_2024_07},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-176444},
  pages     = {41 -- 45},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {The construction and operation of hydropower plants for energy generation is a major issue in sustainable energy production. Nevertheless, hydropower plants have a negative impact on fish populations. It is crucial to understand the causes and consequences of fish mortality in hydropower plants in order to find sustainable solutions that reconcile the need for energy with the conservation of aquatic ecosystems. This article examines the fish protection measures that can be implemented to reduce fish mortality and maintain ecological balance. Based on the main literature reviewed, this article mainly refers to Germany in terms of studies carried out and hydropower plants.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Krehenbrink2024,
  author    = {Krehenbrink, Julian},
  title     = {Comparison of small wind turbines for urban areas, a market analysis},
  series = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  journal   = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  doi       = {10.25974/ren_rev_2024_06},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-176430},
  pages     = {33 -- 40},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {This document presents a comparative analysis of horizontal and vertical small wind turbines for urban areas in three power classes up to 10 kW in different categories. The main objective was to conduct a market analysis to assess the marketability of these wind energy systems. The aim was to make it easier for potential customers to make a decision. However, due to the limited availability of data, the project encountered considerable difficulties. As a result, the study became a comparative assessment, which led to results that may not be readily transferable to urban environments, slightly missing the original objective of the study. The results underline the difficulties associated with conducting a comprehensive market analysis in this sector and highlight the need for an independent series of tests under specific conditions. The paper concludes with a plea for future research efforts to adapt data collection methods to urban conditions in order to improve the relevance and applicability of such studies in practice.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Kramer2024,
  author    = {Kramer, Kevin},
  title     = {Water wheels for energy recovery in the outlet of wastewater treatment plants - Using the example of the water wheel at the Warendorf central wastewater treatment plant},
  series = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  journal   = {Educational Journal of Renewable Energy Short Reviews},
  doi       = {10.25974/ren_rev_2024_05},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:836-opus-176423},
  pages     = {28 -- 32},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {The annual wastewater flow that is treated by public wastewater treatment plants in Germany amounts to approx. 10 ∗ 10^9 m3/a and forms an "artificial" hydropower potential that can be used for energy generation or recovery. In the context of this paper, energy recovery in the outlet of wastewater treatment plants is examined using the specific example of the water wheel at the Warendorf central wastewater treatment plant. The "artificial" hydropower potential can be roughly estimated at up to 20 to 105 GWh/a , whereby this is largely dependent on the hydraulic gradient. The strong variance results, among other things, from the findings of the water wheel operation in Warendorf. The decisive aspect here is the differential factor, which describes the deviation between the theoretical and actual energy yield of the water wheel. The factor includes maintenance work, downtimes and insufficient inflows, which are associated with a loss of output. In the case study, the annual energy recovery amounts to approx. 2 \% of the annual electricity consumption of the wastewater treatment plant and can be estimated to 23,500 kWh (2022). In the context of the economic analysis, it can be seen that despite the "low" yield, economic operation is possible if the system is viewed as a long-term investment - payback period of the example is approx. 14,5 years. The 27-year operation (1996 - 2023) of the water wheel at the Warendorf central wastewater treatment plant confirms this and important findings on successful practical operation can be shown in the context of this paper.},
  language  = {en}
}